CHAPTER 3- PHYSIOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY EXAM REVIEW

CHAPTER 3- PHYSIOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY EXAM REVIEW Why is UVB radiation also known as "burning rays"? - ANS-UVB rays cause cancer as well as burning of the skin What is NOT an element of the skin's mantle? - ANS-Blood what causes injured skin to restore itself to its normal thickness? - ANS-hyperproduction of cells Histology is also known as _____________ - ANS-the study of body structures Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of healthy skin? - ANS-Slightly rough What are most abundant in the fingertips, as opposed to other parts of the body. - ANS-sensory nerve fibers What is the average internal temperature of the body in degrees Fahrenheit? - ANS-96.8 What does the body perspire? - ANS-to protect us from overheating What are follicles? - ANS-tubelike openings in the epidermis What is glycation? - ANS-The binding of a protein molecule to a glucose molecule What are hair papillae? - ANS-cone-shaped elevations at the base of the follicle Where in the body is hyaluronic acid found? - ANS-skin What is hydrolipidic film? - ANS-oil-water balance that protects the skin's surface What is the acid mantle? - ANS-Protective layer of lipids and secretions on the skins surface Where in the body are the coiled structures known as apocrine glands found? - ANS-Underarm and genital areas What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscle? Hint: Cold - ANS-Goosebumps what are ceramides? - ANS-Glycolipid materials What is collagen? - ANS-Fibrous tissue made from protein What are corneocytes? - ANS-Hardened keratinocytes What are membranes of ridges and grooves that attach of the epidermis? - ANS-Dermal papillae How fast does hair grow? - ANS-6 inches per year What oil that provides protection for the epidermis from external factors and that lubricates both the skin and hair? Hint: Skin = sebum both "S' - ANS-Sebum What is the formal name for the horny layer? - ANS-Stratum corneum What is the technical name for the nail? - ANS-Onyx What is true of the stratum corneum? - ANS-It is the innermost layer of the skin What happens in the stratum germinativum? - ANS-cells devide What happens in the stratum granulosum? - ANS-Keratin is produced What part of the skin provides a protective cushion and energy storage for the body? - ANS-Subcutaneous layer What are the glands that excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body? - ANS-Sudoriferous What is telangiectasia? - ANS-Capillary wall dilation What causes transepidermal water loss? - ANS-evaporation What is the dermis? Hint: Dermis "d" stands for down or below. - ANS-support layer below the epidermis Which nerves react to heat, cold, pain, pressure, and touch? Hint: Think of your 5 senses. - ANS-sensory What protein fiber is found in the dermis and gives skin its flexibility and firmness? - ANS-Elastin What hormone stimulates cells to reproduce and heal? - ANS-Epidermal growth factor (EGF) What is true of the epidermis? - ANS-It is the outermost layer of the skin What comprises about 50 to 70 prevent of the skin? Hint: Something you should drink everyday. - ANS-water What causes the body to produce its own vitamin D? Hint: Sunny D - ANS-exposure to the sun What is not one of the six primary functions of the skin? - ANS-reflection What do free radicals produce more free radials? - ANS-While causing oxidation reactions What function do the sudoriferous glands preform? - ANS-excrete perspiration, regulate body temperature, and detoxify the body. Eccrine glands are _________ - ANS-sweat glands _________ are the basic material and building blocks of the body's tissues. - ANS-proteins What are sweat glands that are found all over the body with openings on the skin's surface through pores and that are not attached to hair follicles? - ANS-eccrine What function do sebaceous glands preform? - ANS-protect the surface of the skin Estheticians who specialize in the health and beauty of skin are sometimes referred to as ________ - ANS-technicians Estheticians should be able to interpret the effects of which factor that influences skin health and appearance? - ANS-hormones, nutrition, ultraviolent damage. What is an esthetician's primary focus? - ANS-Preserving, Protecting and Nourishing the Skin What does scar tissue lack? * - ANS-hair and melanin Estheticians should have a thorough understanding of the physiology and histology of the skin for all of the following reasons except to ___________ - ANS-be able to help clients choose hormone replacement therapy programs. What percentage of hard B-keratin does hair contain? - ANS-90 percent How is B-keratin different from A-keratin? - ANS-It has lower moisture and fat than A-Keratin Which of the following statements is true about the nail plate? - ANS-it has many blood vessels