DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Boolean Algebra Thetwo-valuedsystemofalgebrawasinventedbyGeorgeBoolein1854.Alsocalledswitchingalgebra

Switching Device Characteristics

Gate Implementation Last time we discussed the CMOS inverter:

Digital Circuits • Digitalcircuitscanbedescribedintermsofcombinationallogicorsequentiallogicorboth.Inacombinationallogic,theoutputofadigitalcircuitatanygiveninstantoftimeiscompletelydeterminedbytheinputspresentatthatparticulartime.Examplesofcombinationalcircuitsincludelogicgates,NANDgate,NOTgate...

Simplifying Binary Representation Asthemagnitudeofnumbersincrease,binaryrepresentationbecomescumbersome.Base2isanaturalsystemforbinarymachineslikecomputersbutistediousforhumans. Inordertoreadbinarynumberseasilyweusebase8(octalnumbersystem)andbase16(hexadecimal). Sincebinary,octalandhexadecimalnum...

Real World Design For more complex combinational problems with a larger number of inputs, one can resort to the use of aminimization algorithm, such as Quine-McCluskey.

A prime implicant of a logic function is a normal product term that cannot be reduced further, obtained from the circled 1s. A minimal sum is a sum of prime implicants.

For more complex combinational problems with a larger number of inputs, one can resort to the use of a minimization algorithm, such as Quine-McCluskey. In practice however most designs are implemented using programmable Ics.

A register is collection of binary storage cells capable of holding binary information. Since flip-flops are memory elements capable of storing binary information, so a group of flip-flops working together constitute a register. To form an n-bit register, n flip-flops are required. Registers compri...

Counters are circuits or networks which count pulses. It is important to define a few terms used in describing various circuits or networks. A sequential circuit is said to be a Moore machine or Moore network if its output is a direct function of its present state only and not of its input.

J-K FLIP FLOP

We talked about the two binary states. We also talked about enabling outputs. Effectively this gives a third state called the off or high impedance state. We refer to this as tri-state logic Example: A 5-bit DAC has a current output such that a digital input of produces an output of 10 mA. What...

We talked about the two binary states. We also talked about enabling outputs. Effectively this gives a third state called the off or high impedance state. We refer to this as tri-state logic Digital to analog conversion is the process of taking a value in digital code format (straight binary, ...

Wakerly doesn’t cover this section For the notes we used Rizzoni, (Principles and Applications of Electrical Engineering, Giorgio Rizzoni, 3rd, revised 4th or 5th edition) and Tocci/Widmer (Digital Systems – Principles & Applications, Ronald J Tocci & Neal S Widmer, 8th edition). Copies of ...