NUR 1211/ MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING COMPLETE REVISION BUNDLE.

Hyperlipidemia - high blood lipid levels Glucagon - A "counterregulatory hormone that has actions opposite those of insulin. Prevents hypoglycemia by triggering the release of glucose from cell storage sites What does prandial mean? - during or relating to the eating of food. True or False: In...

Seizure - An abnormal, sudden, excessive, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons within the brain that may result in a change in level of consciousness. Epilepsy - Two or more seizures experienced by a person; chronic disorder Myoclonic Seizure - Sudden brief contractions. Frequently occur...

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) - Upper GI disorder, is the backflow of gastric and duodenal contents into the esophagus. What are the common causes of GERD? - Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter, obesity, , hiatal hernias, H pylori bacteria, eating large meals, pregnancy, Barr...

What are the manifestations of CAD? - Chest pain and apprehensin EKG changes Ventricular aneurysms (death) Dysrhythmias Sudden death If you have pain and apprehension, what do you treat first? - The pain because if the pain is treated the apprehension will go away Aneurysm - A ballooning and...

How much does the heart weigh? - 300 g Where is the PMI? - Mid-clavicular, 5th intercostal space What does PMI stand for? - point of maximal impulse S1 - Systole, ventricle is contracting, Mitral and Tricuspid Closing, Heard best at the Apex S2 - Diastole, ventricle is filling/perfusing, Aortic ...

Opportunistic Infections - An infection caused by pathogens that take advantage of a host with a weakened immune system. Many of these pathogens do not cause disease in a healthy host that has a normal immune system. AIDS - A person with HIV who has a CD4 count of less than 200 cells/mm^3 or le...

cardiac glycosides: - *Also called digitalis glycosides* -this group of drugs inhibits the sodium-potassium pump, resulting in an increase in intracellular sodium -This increase leads to an influx of calcium, causing the cardiac muscle fibers to contract more efficiently The patient has left-sid...

The preoperative phase begins when: - The decision to proceed with surgical intervention is made and ends with the transfer of the patient onto the operating room (OR) bed. The intraoperative phase begins when: - The patient is transferred onto the OR bed and ends with admission to the PACU. T...

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) - a chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease that mostly affects synovial joints Which ethinc group of people is most affected by RA? - euro-americans Pannus - vascular granulation tissue composed of inflammatory cells, erodes the cartilage and e...

A nurse has administered sublingual nitroglycerine. Which parameter should the nurse use to determine the effectiveness of sublingual nitroglycerin? 1 Relief of anginal pain 2 Improved cardiac output 3 Decreased blood pressure 4 Dilation of superficial blood vessels - 1 Relief of ang...

This type of immunity is immediate but short-tern and nonspecific. It does not provide true immunity on repeated exposure. - Inflammatory What are the 3 types of immunity? - Inflammation, cell mediated, antibody mediated Infection is usually accompanied by this type of immunity. However, this...

GI Tract 25 foot tube form mouth to the anus main function is to digest, absorb nutrients, and excrete waste plays a critical role in homeostasis GI tract consists of -oral cavity -esophagus -stomach -pancreas -liver and gallbladder -small and large intestine -rectum digestion begins in ...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) -pressure exerted by the volume of the intracranial contents within the cranial vault; brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Monroe-Kellie Doctorine- foundation for understand increased ICP -changes in volume in one component must reciprocate change in ...