Exam (elaborations) KNES 235 Packet 12 Protein Exam Questions with Verified Answers Exam (elaborations) Kaplan Biochemistry - Chapter 10 Carbohydrate Metabolism II Exam Questions with Complete Solutions Exam (elaborations) Glycolysis Carbohydrate Metabolism Exam Questions with Correct Answers ...
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Types of Tests (4) - ANSWER-TSI Citrate Carbohydrate Fermentation Test w/ Durham Tubes MR/VP TSI Test - ANSWER-Triple Sugar Iron Test (slant) both a streak and a slant Citrate test - ANSWER-typically only a streak is done but both a streak and slant may be performed MR/VP test -...
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Add to cartTypes of Tests (4) - ANSWER-TSI Citrate Carbohydrate Fermentation Test w/ Durham Tubes MR/VP TSI Test - ANSWER-Triple Sugar Iron Test (slant) both a streak and a slant Citrate test - ANSWER-typically only a streak is done but both a streak and slant may be performed MR/VP test -...
chemical reactions that "release energy" from the decomposition of complex organic molecules: - ANSWER-catabolism most bacteria catabolize "carbohydrates" into: (2) - ANSWER-1) carbon 2) energy Carbohydrates are ___ molecules: - ANSWER-organic carbohydrates contain what 3 things? ratio...
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Add to cartchemical reactions that "release energy" from the decomposition of complex organic molecules: - ANSWER-catabolism most bacteria catabolize "carbohydrates" into: (2) - ANSWER-1) carbon 2) energy Carbohydrates are ___ molecules: - ANSWER-organic carbohydrates contain what 3 things? ratio...
Carbohydrates composed of - ANSWER-monosaccharides Monosaccharides - ANSWER-glucose, fructose, galactose Polysaccharides - ANSWER-sucrose, lactose, maltose Disaccharides - ANSWER-starch in plants & glycogen in humans How can microorganisms be distinguished? - ANSWER-by whether they can b...
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Add to cartCarbohydrates composed of - ANSWER-monosaccharides Monosaccharides - ANSWER-glucose, fructose, galactose Polysaccharides - ANSWER-sucrose, lactose, maltose Disaccharides - ANSWER-starch in plants & glycogen in humans How can microorganisms be distinguished? - ANSWER-by whether they can b...
NADH-Q oxidoreductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 1 2e - ANSWER-How many electron does NADH donate in complex 1? Succinate-Q reductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 2 Q-cytochrome C Oxidoreductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 3 Cytochrome C Oxidase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 4 ...
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Add to cartNADH-Q oxidoreductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 1 2e - ANSWER-How many electron does NADH donate in complex 1? Succinate-Q reductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 2 Q-cytochrome C Oxidoreductase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 3 Cytochrome C Oxidase - ANSWER-Also known as complex 4 ...
Carbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-The breakdown of carbohydrate molecule to produce energy Cellular respiration and fermentation - ANSWER-The two processes used by microorganisms to produce energy from glucose that has been broken down into pyruvic acid during carbohydrate catabolism Glycolysis...
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Add to cartCarbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-The breakdown of carbohydrate molecule to produce energy Cellular respiration and fermentation - ANSWER-The two processes used by microorganisms to produce energy from glucose that has been broken down into pyruvic acid during carbohydrate catabolism Glycolysis...
refers to the breakdown of food molecules into simpler chemical units that can be used in metabolic processes - ANSWER-digestion type of reaction that digestion generally falls under - ANSWER-hydrolysis beginning site of carbohydrate digestion - ANSWER-mouth responsible for initially cataly...
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Add to cartrefers to the breakdown of food molecules into simpler chemical units that can be used in metabolic processes - ANSWER-digestion type of reaction that digestion generally falls under - ANSWER-hydrolysis beginning site of carbohydrate digestion - ANSWER-mouth responsible for initially cataly...
Glycolysis phases - ANSWER-Phosphorylation phase Energy Production phase Phosphorylation phase - ANSWER-Requires input of energy into the system to take glucose and react it into eventually into 2 glyceraldehyde molecules at the end of the phase Requires hexokinase to catalyze the first reactio...
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Add to cartGlycolysis phases - ANSWER-Phosphorylation phase Energy Production phase Phosphorylation phase - ANSWER-Requires input of energy into the system to take glucose and react it into eventually into 2 glyceraldehyde molecules at the end of the phase Requires hexokinase to catalyze the first reactio...
Define catabolism and anabolism. What are the major functions of these two processes? - ANSWER-catabolism - breakdown of proteins to AAs and starch to glucose, yields energy (ATP) anabolism - synthesis of AAs to proteins and glucose to starch, uses energy What is glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, ...
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Add to cartDefine catabolism and anabolism. What are the major functions of these two processes? - ANSWER-catabolism - breakdown of proteins to AAs and starch to glucose, yields energy (ATP) anabolism - synthesis of AAs to proteins and glucose to starch, uses energy What is glycogenesis, glycogenolysis, ...
Which of the following enzymes, involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates in the digestive tract of humans, has/have small intestine origin? 1) sucrase 2) glucoamylase 3) lactase 4) α- amylase - ANSWER-A) 1+2+3 The absorption of glucose through the mucous membrane of enterocytes in the huma...
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Add to cartWhich of the following enzymes, involved in the breakdown of carbohydrates in the digestive tract of humans, has/have small intestine origin? 1) sucrase 2) glucoamylase 3) lactase 4) α- amylase - ANSWER-A) 1+2+3 The absorption of glucose through the mucous membrane of enterocytes in the huma...
a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction. - ANSWER-active site substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction - ANSWER-catalyst loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor - ANSWER-denaturation a reaction that breaks down...
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Add to carta region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction. - ANSWER-active site substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction - ANSWER-catalyst loss of normal shape of a protein due to heat or other factor - ANSWER-denaturation a reaction that breaks down...
Carbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-The breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy, is therefore of great importance in cell metabolism. Glucose - ANSWER-The most common carbohydrate energy source used by cell Microorgansims - ANSWER-Also can catabolize various lipids and proteins for ...
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Add to cartCarbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-The breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy, is therefore of great importance in cell metabolism. Glucose - ANSWER-The most common carbohydrate energy source used by cell Microorgansims - ANSWER-Also can catabolize various lipids and proteins for ...
Carbohydrates - ANSWER-Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CH2O) Exoenzymes - ANSWER-Found in bacteria, which allows them to catabolize carbohydrates for carbon and energy Exo- secreted (outside of cell) Enzyme- hydrolytic- use water to break down large molecules into ...
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Add to cartCarbohydrates - ANSWER-Organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CH2O) Exoenzymes - ANSWER-Found in bacteria, which allows them to catabolize carbohydrates for carbon and energy Exo- secreted (outside of cell) Enzyme- hydrolytic- use water to break down large molecules into ...
Glycolysis - ANSWER-the breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2ATP - 10 steps energy investment phase - ANSWER-using ATP energy recovery - ANSWER-saving up ATP ATP is consumed in what steps? - ANSWER-1,3 ATP is regenerated in what steps? - ANSWER-7,10 what step is NADH made? - ...
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Add to cartGlycolysis - ANSWER-the breakdown of glucose to 2 pyruvate, 2 NADH, 2ATP - 10 steps energy investment phase - ANSWER-using ATP energy recovery - ANSWER-saving up ATP ATP is consumed in what steps? - ANSWER-1,3 ATP is regenerated in what steps? - ANSWER-7,10 what step is NADH made? - ...
Carbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-Most microorganisms oxidize carbohydrates as their primary source of cellular energy. The breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy is called ___________ Two types of carbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-Respiration - complete breakdown of sugar Fermenta...
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Add to cartCarbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-Most microorganisms oxidize carbohydrates as their primary source of cellular energy. The breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy is called ___________ Two types of carbohydrate catabolism - ANSWER-Respiration - complete breakdown of sugar Fermenta...
Carbohydrates - ANSWER-Sugars and poylymers of sugars; the primary source of energy for the cell. They always contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Glycosidic Bond - ANSWER-The bond between the hydroxyl group of the C-1 carbon of one sugar and a hydroxyl group of another sugar. Met...
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Add to cartCarbohydrates - ANSWER-Sugars and poylymers of sugars; the primary source of energy for the cell. They always contain the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Glycosidic Bond - ANSWER-The bond between the hydroxyl group of the C-1 carbon of one sugar and a hydroxyl group of another sugar. Met...
Hexokinase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 1, Glucose to Glucose 6 Phosphate. Nonreversible : Glucose 6 phosphatase phosphoglucose isomerase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 2, Glucose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 6 Phosphate. Reversible phosphofructokinase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 3, Fructose 6 Phosph...
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Add to cartHexokinase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 1, Glucose to Glucose 6 Phosphate. Nonreversible : Glucose 6 phosphatase phosphoglucose isomerase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 2, Glucose 6 Phosphate to Fructose 6 Phosphate. Reversible phosphofructokinase - ANSWER-Glycolysis, Step 3, Fructose 6 Phosph...
What is the body's response to a hyperglycemic state? - ANSWER-determine if energy needs to be produced, if not does glycogen stores need to be made, if not fat storage What hormone responds to hyperglycemic state in the body? - ANSWER-Insulin What is the body's response to hypoglycemic stat...
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Add to cartWhat is the body's response to a hyperglycemic state? - ANSWER-determine if energy needs to be produced, if not does glycogen stores need to be made, if not fat storage What hormone responds to hyperglycemic state in the body? - ANSWER-Insulin What is the body's response to hypoglycemic stat...
Irreversible enzymes in glycolysis - ANSWER-hexokinase/ glucokinase Phosphofructokinase (PFK 1) pyruvate kinase rate limiting enzymes in glycolysis - ANSWER-Phosphofructokinase 1 regulation of PFK-1 when glycolysis for energy - ANSWER-inhibited- ATP and citrate stimulated- AMP regulation...
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Add to cartIrreversible enzymes in glycolysis - ANSWER-hexokinase/ glucokinase Phosphofructokinase (PFK 1) pyruvate kinase rate limiting enzymes in glycolysis - ANSWER-Phosphofructokinase 1 regulation of PFK-1 when glycolysis for energy - ANSWER-inhibited- ATP and citrate stimulated- AMP regulation...
Carbohydrate Metabolism - ANSWER-Breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy; Pertains mainly to glucose metabolism; preferred energy source for cells; Released energy is trapped for ATP synthesis; 2 processes in carbohydrate metabolism (catabolism) - ANSWER-1) Cellular respiration: com...
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Add to cartCarbohydrate Metabolism - ANSWER-Breakdown of carbohydrate molecules to produce energy; Pertains mainly to glucose metabolism; preferred energy source for cells; Released energy is trapped for ATP synthesis; 2 processes in carbohydrate metabolism (catabolism) - ANSWER-1) Cellular respiration: com...
What is carbohydrate catabolism? - ANSWER--the breakdown (oxidation) of glucose to form water and ATP through a series of steps What are the pathways of carbohydrate catabolism? - ANSWER--glycolysis -krebs cycle -electron transport chain -oxidative phosphorylation What is glycolysis? - ANSW...
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Add to cartWhat is carbohydrate catabolism? - ANSWER--the breakdown (oxidation) of glucose to form water and ATP through a series of steps What are the pathways of carbohydrate catabolism? - ANSWER--glycolysis -krebs cycle -electron transport chain -oxidative phosphorylation What is glycolysis? - ANSW...
Metabolism - ANSWER-Sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism Catabolism - ANSWER-Large biochemical molecules are broken down to smaller ones Anabolism - ANSWER-Small biochemical molecules are joined to form larger ones Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-Series of consecutive biochemical r...
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Add to cartMetabolism - ANSWER-Sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism Catabolism - ANSWER-Large biochemical molecules are broken down to smaller ones Anabolism - ANSWER-Small biochemical molecules are joined to form larger ones Metabolic pathway - ANSWER-Series of consecutive biochemical r...
What is gluconeogenesis? - ANSWER-Production of glucose from non-carbs. How many reactions in gluconeogenesis? - ANSWER-11 reactions When does gluconeogenesis occur? - ANSWER-when dietary sources of glucose are low Where does gluconeogenesis occur? - ANSWER-mostly in the cytoplasm, except P...
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Add to cartWhat is gluconeogenesis? - ANSWER-Production of glucose from non-carbs. How many reactions in gluconeogenesis? - ANSWER-11 reactions When does gluconeogenesis occur? - ANSWER-when dietary sources of glucose are low Where does gluconeogenesis occur? - ANSWER-mostly in the cytoplasm, except P...
Why is ATP called the 'universal energy currency'? - ANSWER-ATP is called the universal energy currency because it is the major molecule used by all organisms to store energy List five biological activities that require ATP - ANSWER-Five biological activities that require ATP energy include bio...
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Add to cartWhy is ATP called the 'universal energy currency'? - ANSWER-ATP is called the universal energy currency because it is the major molecule used by all organisms to store energy List five biological activities that require ATP - ANSWER-Five biological activities that require ATP energy include bio...
Catabolism - ANSWER-degradation of the fuel molecule which provides energy for cellular energy related functions What do cells do to glucose in order to harvest energy? - ANSWER-oxidize glucose Where is energy stored? - ANSWER-Bonds in ATP Combustion of 1 mol of glucose yields how much ener...
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Add to cartCatabolism - ANSWER-degradation of the fuel molecule which provides energy for cellular energy related functions What do cells do to glucose in order to harvest energy? - ANSWER-oxidize glucose Where is energy stored? - ANSWER-Bonds in ATP Combustion of 1 mol of glucose yields how much ener...
Carbohydrate Metabolism - ANSWER--refers to the actions that involve breakdown of the monosaccharide glucose catabolism - ANSWER--set of reaction that involve breakdown of a larger molecule/polymer into smaller units in goal to harness energy via series of reactions oxidative carbohydrate meta...
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Add to cartCarbohydrate Metabolism - ANSWER--refers to the actions that involve breakdown of the monosaccharide glucose catabolism - ANSWER--set of reaction that involve breakdown of a larger molecule/polymer into smaller units in goal to harness energy via series of reactions oxidative carbohydrate meta...
What is the major function of carbohydrates in the body? - ANSWER-Structural components Glycolysis, anaerobic fermentation, and aerobic respiration are the three major pathways for the catabolism (breakdown) of - ANSWER-glucose The process of glycolysis results in net gain of how many molecule...
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Add to cartWhat is the major function of carbohydrates in the body? - ANSWER-Structural components Glycolysis, anaerobic fermentation, and aerobic respiration are the three major pathways for the catabolism (breakdown) of - ANSWER-glucose The process of glycolysis results in net gain of how many molecule...
What levels of a fasting plasma glucose is indicative of diabetes? - ANSWER-126mg/dL What is the enzyme in our mouths and intestines that help covert complex carbs to glucose? - ANSWER-Amylase How are carbohydrates classified? (4) - ANSWER-1. Number of carbon atoms 2. Location of the function...
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Add to cartWhat levels of a fasting plasma glucose is indicative of diabetes? - ANSWER-126mg/dL What is the enzyme in our mouths and intestines that help covert complex carbs to glucose? - ANSWER-Amylase How are carbohydrates classified? (4) - ANSWER-1. Number of carbon atoms 2. Location of the function...
What is the point of Glycolysis - ANSWER-To make: ATP, NADH and Pyruvate *Occurs in the Cytoplasm in almost every cell* -Is an anaerobic process -ATP production -NADH production (in aerobic organisms, a source of more ATP) -Pyruvate, in aerobic leads in to catabolism, the CAC Glycolysis - P...
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Add to cartWhat is the point of Glycolysis - ANSWER-To make: ATP, NADH and Pyruvate *Occurs in the Cytoplasm in almost every cell* -Is an anaerobic process -ATP production -NADH production (in aerobic organisms, a source of more ATP) -Pyruvate, in aerobic leads in to catabolism, the CAC Glycolysis - P...
Why are proteins called building blocks? - ANSWER-• All body cells are made of proteins. The protein we eat is used for growth and repair of all cells - not just muscle but also blood, bones, tendons, organs, hair, fingernails, etc. • Proteins are also used for making hormones and enzymes. •...
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Add to cartWhy are proteins called building blocks? - ANSWER-• All body cells are made of proteins. The protein we eat is used for growth and repair of all cells - not just muscle but also blood, bones, tendons, organs, hair, fingernails, etc. • Proteins are also used for making hormones and enzymes. •...
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