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[Show more]Fear - caused by a stimulus or situation that produces unpleasant physiological response 
(autonomic nervous system arousal, or anxiety) and cognitive appraisal 
- comprised of both respondent conditioning and operant behaviours 
- respondent conditioning: conditioned emotional response (CER) 
e.g.,...
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Add to cartFear - caused by a stimulus or situation that produces unpleasant physiological response 
(autonomic nervous system arousal, or anxiety) and cognitive appraisal 
- comprised of both respondent conditioning and operant behaviours 
- respondent conditioning: conditioned emotional response (CER) 
e.g.,...
behaviour - a simple action that can be overt or covert 
5 characteristics of behaviour 
- involves a person's actions (behaviour is described in action terms); not a static characteristic (eg. 
angry is not a behaviour) 
- measurable dimensions (frequency, duration, intensity, latency) 
- observed...
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Add to cartbehaviour - a simple action that can be overt or covert 
5 characteristics of behaviour 
- involves a person's actions (behaviour is described in action terms); not a static characteristic (eg. 
angry is not a behaviour) 
- measurable dimensions (frequency, duration, intensity, latency) 
- observed...
What are cognitive behavioural therapies? - Combine cognitive and behavioural techniques to 
help clients to: 
- Understand problems 
- See patterns of irrational thought 
- Evaluate behaviours based on more rational thinking 
- Teach new skills to promote self-regulation 
What do cognitive processe...
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Add to cartWhat are cognitive behavioural therapies? - Combine cognitive and behavioural techniques to 
help clients to: 
- Understand problems 
- See patterns of irrational thought 
- Evaluate behaviours based on more rational thinking 
- Teach new skills to promote self-regulation 
What do cognitive processe...
What is the complex behavior comprised of several component behaviors that occur together in a 
certain order? - Behavioural chain 
What is another name for a behavior chain because each behavior produces a stimulus that acts as an SD 
for the next behavior? - Stimulus response chain 
When is reinfo...
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Add to cartWhat is the complex behavior comprised of several component behaviors that occur together in a 
certain order? - Behavioural chain 
What is another name for a behavior chain because each behavior produces a stimulus that acts as an SD 
for the next behavior? - Stimulus response chain 
When is reinfo...
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operant extinction - The reinforcer supporting the behavior is no longer given. Response weakens 
or decreases gradually. 
negative punishment - A reinforcer is removed or withdrawn (appetitive stimulus is removed 
which decreases or eliminates the target behavior). Can be used through time-out or r...
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Add to cartoperant extinction - The reinforcer supporting the behavior is no longer given. Response weakens 
or decreases gradually. 
negative punishment - A reinforcer is removed or withdrawn (appetitive stimulus is removed 
which decreases or eliminates the target behavior). Can be used through time-out or r...
what is Differential Reinforcement? - one particular behaviour is reinforced whereas all others are 
not 
What are successive approximations? - when each consecutive behaviour resembles the target 
behaviour more closely in a series of shaping events 
what happens when a behaviour is extinguished? -...
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Add to cartwhat is Differential Reinforcement? - one particular behaviour is reinforced whereas all others are 
not 
What are successive approximations? - when each consecutive behaviour resembles the target 
behaviour more closely in a series of shaping events 
what happens when a behaviour is extinguished? -...
token - a tangible symbol that can be given immediately after a behaviour and exchanged later for 
known reinforcers, called backup reinforcers 
Token economies are - - directed at changing the behaviours of groups of people, not just an 
individual 
- directed at changing a number of target behavio...
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Add to carttoken - a tangible symbol that can be given immediately after a behaviour and exchanged later for 
known reinforcers, called backup reinforcers 
Token economies are - - directed at changing the behaviours of groups of people, not just an 
individual 
- directed at changing a number of target behavio...
Antecedent Interventions - Antecedent stimuli are manipulated to evoke desirable behaviours 
that can be reinforced 
Antecedent interventions can also be called what 2 things? - - Antecedent control procedures 
- Antecedent manipulations 
Antecedent interventions: Step 1: Presenting, modifying, or _...
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Add to cartAntecedent Interventions - Antecedent stimuli are manipulated to evoke desirable behaviours 
that can be reinforced 
Antecedent interventions can also be called what 2 things? - - Antecedent control procedures 
- Antecedent manipulations 
Antecedent interventions: Step 1: Presenting, modifying, or _...
Behaviour - a simple action; what people do or say 
What are some characteristics of behaviour? (5) - - It involves a persons actions; described with 
action words. 
- It has dimensions (frequency, duration, latency, and intensity). 
- It can be observed, described, or recorded by others or by the p...
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Add to cartBehaviour - a simple action; what people do or say 
What are some characteristics of behaviour? (5) - - It involves a persons actions; described with 
action words. 
- It has dimensions (frequency, duration, latency, and intensity). 
- It can be observed, described, or recorded by others or by the p...
Two broad categories of substance-related and addictive disorders - -Substance use disorder 
-Substance-induced disorders 
Commonalities across substances in relation to substance use disorders - -They reinforce behavior 
-Tolerance 
-Withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of use 
(Therefore, criteria f...
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Add to cartTwo broad categories of substance-related and addictive disorders - -Substance use disorder 
-Substance-induced disorders 
Commonalities across substances in relation to substance use disorders - -They reinforce behavior 
-Tolerance 
-Withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of use 
(Therefore, criteria f...
time-out from positive reinforcement - loss of access to positive reinforcers following an 
undesirable behaviour; non exclusionary timeout and exclusionary time-out 
non exclusionary time-out - after an undesirable behaviour, person remains in the same room or 
location (the time-in), but is denied...
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Add to carttime-out from positive reinforcement - loss of access to positive reinforcers following an 
undesirable behaviour; non exclusionary timeout and exclusionary time-out 
non exclusionary time-out - after an undesirable behaviour, person remains in the same room or 
location (the time-in), but is denied...
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