NYSTCE ELA CST, Exam Preview, Terms Summary & Definition. 100% Masytery.

NYSTCE ELA CST, Exam Preview, Terms Summary & Definition. 100% Masytery. Misplaced modifier - -a word or phrase apparently modifying an unintended word because of its placement in a sentence: e.g., 'when young' in 'when young, circuses appeal to all of us' assonance - -the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words parallel structure - -the repetition of phrases, clauses, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure dissonance - -Harsh, inharmonious, or discordant sounds Perlocution - -The effects of something said. (I say, "it's hot" and someone opens a window). blank verse - -unrhymed verse (usually in iambic pentameter) iambic pentemeter - -lines that ideally have five stressed and five unstressed syllables logos - -an appeal based on logic or reason pathos - -quality in drama, speech, literature, music, or events that arouses a feeling of pity or sadness ethos - -The appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or narrator topos - -suggests settings, characters, and themes that appear and reappear in literature. Flood, for instance, is a common theme in literature enjambments - -When a line continues into the next without punctuation or break meters - -organizing patterns of rhythmic pulses apostrophes - -someone, some abstract quality, or a nonexistent personage is directly addressed as though present perfect rhyme - -Rhymes involving sound that are exactly the same (ex: love, dove) slant rhyme - -rhyme in which the vowel sounds are nearly, but not exactly the same (i.e. the words "stress" and "kiss"); sometimes called half-rhyme, near rhyme, or partial rhyme prosaic style - -having characteristics of a prose narrative, as opposed to poetical style and structure. morpheme - -in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) syllogism - -a three-part deductive argument in which a conclusion is based on a major premise and a minor premise ("All men are mortal; Socrates is a man; therefore, Socrates is mortal.") trochaic hexameter - -(stressed, unstressed) x 6 dactylic heptameter - -(stressed, unstressed, unstressed) X 7 heroic couplet - -Two consecutive lines of rhyming poetry that are written in iambic pentameter and that contain a complete thought. petrarchan sonnet - -a poem that falls into two parts: an octave of eight lines and a sestet of six; the octave rhyme pattern is "abba abba" (two sets of four lines); the sestet's lines are more variable: "cde cde"; or "ced ced"; or "cd cd cd". Shakespearean Sonnet - -a sonnet consisting three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg metafiction - -Fiction in which the subject of the story is the act or art of storytelling of itself, especially when such material breaks up the illusion of "reality" in a work.