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NCE/CPCE test bank Top Exam Questions with accurate answers, 100% Accurate, rated A+ What are Freudian's five stages of psychosexual theory? - Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital What are id, ego, and superego? - Id--pleasure principle: irrational, illogical, only concerned with the bodil...

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  • 17. februar 2023
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NCE/CPCE test bank Top Exam
Questions with accurate answers, 100%
Accurate, rated A+

What are Freudian's five stages of psychosexual theory? - Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital



What are id, ego, and superego? - Id--pleasure principle: irrational, illogical, only concerned with the
bodily drives

Ego--reality principle: rational, logical, utilizes the power of reasoning and control

Superego--concerned with the moralistic and idealistic portion of the personality



What are Jean Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development? - Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete
operational, formal operational



The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory which encompasses the entire life span
was

a. Erik Erikson

b. Milton H. Erickson

c. A.A. Brill

d. Jean Piaget - a

Milton Erickson--brief psychotherapy and hypnosis

A.A. Brill--career theory

Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development theory is for children



Sensorimotor stage - 1-2

Use senses to explore the world



Preoperational stage - 2-7

,Egocentrism, play pretend (mental representation for objects), inquisitiveness



Concrete operational stage - 7-11

Reversibility--things that are altered can be brought back to its original state

Conservation



Formal operational stage - 12-18

Abstract thinking



Jay Haley - Strategic and problem-solving therapy--use the technique of paradox



Arnold Lazarus - Multimodal therapy (BASIC ID--behavior, affect, sensation, imagery, cognition,
interpersonal factors, drug/biological considerations)



Robert Perry - Adult/college students' cognitive development transition from dualistic thinking (right or
wrong) to relativistic thinking



Robert Kegan - Constructive Development Theory--individuals construct reality throughout the life span



The first intelligence test was created by - Alfred Binet



Who coined the term behaviorism in 1912? - John Watson--Little Albert experiment



_____ expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of moral development.

a. Erik Erikson

b. Lev Vygotsky

c. Lawrence Kohlberg

d. John B. Watson - c.

Kohlberg--lead theorist in moral development; used stories to determine the moral development in
children

,What are the stages of Lawrence Kohlberg's moral development? - Preconventional morality--when the
child is responsive to cultural norms

-stage 1: obedience and punishment orientation--physical consequences determines goodness vs
badness

-stage 2: instrumental-relativistic orientation--reciprocity and equal sharing

Conventional morality--focuses on maintaining the expectations of families and groups

-stage 3: interpersonal concordance--good behavior motivated by approval by others

-stage 4: law & order orientation--orientation towards authority and rules

Postconventional morality

-stage 5: social contract and legalistic orientation--

-stage 6: universal principles--common good of the society



What are some key principles of individual psychology? - -Early interactions with family, peers and adults
determine the role of inferiority and superiority in life.

-Birth order has an impact of a child's personality and feeling of inferiority.

-All human behavior is goal oriented and motivated by striving for superiority.

-A natural reaction to inferiority is compensation.

-If a person is unable to compensate for normal feelings of inferiority, they develop an inferiority
complex.

-The overarching goal of Adlerian psychotherapy is to help the patient overcome feelings of inferiority.



Founder of individual psychology - Alfred Adler



Positive psychology is coined by ____ and popularized by ____ - Abraham Maslow, Martin Seligman



What are the stages of interpersonal development developed by Harry Stack Sullivan? - Infancy (0-18
months)--oral gratification

Childhood (18 months-6 y)--delayed gratification

Juvenile (6-9)--forming peer relationships

, Pre adolescence (9-12)--same-sex relationships

Early adolescence (12-14)--opposite-sex relationships

Late adolescence (14-21)--self-identity is developed



Counterconditioning - A behavioristic technique in which the goal is to weaken or eliminate a learned
response by pairing it with a stronger or desirable response.



Fugue state - when an individual experiences memory loss and leaves home, often with the intention of
changing their job and identity



DBT was created by - Marsha M Linehan



Freud and Erikson

a. could be classified as behaviorists

b. could be classified as maturationists

c. agreed that developmental stages are psychosexual

d. were prime movers in the DBT movement - b.

The concept of maturation hypothesis (or maturation theory) suggests that behavior is guided
exclusively via hereditary factors, but that certain behaviors will not manifest themselves until the
necessary stimuli are present in the environment.

It also suggests that the individual's neural development must be at a certain level of maturity for the
behavior to unfold.

A counselor who believes in this concept strives to unleash inborn abilities, instincts, and drives



What are Daniel Levinson's stages of adult development? - Pre-adulthood (conception-22): individual
moves from high dependence to high independence

Early adulthood (22-45): high energy and high stress; pursues life passions and career and family goals

Middle adulthood (40-65): high responsibility

Late adulthood (65+): individual reflects on his life and accomplishment

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