Summary BWR320 - EVERYTHING FOR SEM TEST 1 (2023) - COMPETENCE AND COMPELLABILITY + TYPES OF EVIDENCE
3 mal angesehen 0 kauf
Kurs
BWR 320 (BWR320)
Hochschule
University Of Pretoria (UP)
INCLUDES:
COMPETENCE AND COMPELLABILITY (LECTURE NOTES + CASE LAW + LEGISLATION).
TYPES OF EVIDENCE - ORAL, DOCUMENTARY, SUI GENERIS, REAL (LECTURE NOTES + CASE LAW + LEGISLATION).
All witnesses are presumed competent and compellable in civil and criminal cases
- S192 CPA every person is competent and compellable to give evidence
unless excluded (Crim)
- S8 CiPEA every person is competent and compellable to give evidence
unless excluded (Civ)
Competence v compellability
- Competence the witness is lawfully qualified and able to give evidence.
- Compellable the witness is lawfully obliged to give evidence.
Competence and compellability with privilege
- A C&C witness may not refuse to enter the witness box but they can
claim privilege when the question is posed.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Refusal of a witness to attend proceedings
A C&C witness must attend proceedings
- Recalcitrant witness C&C witness who refuses to attend proceedings.
S189(1) CPA the court may enquire into the refusal
- The court must determine whether the person has a just excuse.
, o If the excuse is not satisfactory 2yrs or 5yrs prison (depending on
the offence).
Just excuse lawful excuses and humanly intolerable
- Kader the determination of humanly intolerable is a question of fact
o K was psychologically scarred.
o Testifying would cause him to be ostracized from his community.
- Nel v Le Roux a witness is not compelled if it is in conflict with his
constitutional rights
o Parties cannot consent to the admission of evidence from a witness
who is not C&C.
o The court must decide whether a witness is C&C by their testimony
or their observations.
WITNESSES EXCLUDED FROM GIVING EVIDENCE
Children
Not prohibited by common law / statute but approached with caution
- The prosecutor’s discretion to allow child witnesses depends on
o Availability of other witnesses.
o Seriousness of offence with which parent is charged.
Very young child can testify if:
- Appreciate the duty to tell the truth.
- Have sufficient intelligence.
- Can communicate effectively.
, Oath / affirmation for children
- Can be sworn in if the child understands the nature and religious sanctity
of the oath
o If not court must caution the child to speak the truth.
Woji v Santam Test for trustworthiness
- No requirement that a child’s testimony needs to be corroborated rather
an enquiry is needed into the child’s trustworthiness.
- Trustworthiness depends on
o Power of observation capacity of child to observe.
o Power of recollection capacity of child to remember.
o Power of narration capacity of child to understand and answer
questions.
Other factors for trustworthiness S v Herholdt
- Competency test can child understand the difference between a truth
and a lie.
Testifying against parents
- General rule children are C&C to testify against parents
o R v Zulu undesirable for children to be compelled.
Mentally disordered and intoxicated witness
S194 CPA
- Intoxicated person will only become C&C when sober.
Alle Vorteile der Zusammenfassungen von Stuvia auf einen Blick:
Garantiert gute Qualität durch Reviews
Stuvia Verkäufer haben mehr als 700.000 Zusammenfassungen beurteilt. Deshalb weißt du dass du das beste Dokument kaufst.
Schnell und einfach kaufen
Man bezahlt schnell und einfach mit iDeal, Kreditkarte oder Stuvia-Kredit für die Zusammenfassungen. Man braucht keine Mitgliedschaft.
Konzentration auf den Kern der Sache
Deine Mitstudenten schreiben die Zusammenfassungen. Deshalb enthalten die Zusammenfassungen immer aktuelle, zuverlässige und up-to-date Informationen. Damit kommst du schnell zum Kern der Sache.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
Was bekomme ich, wenn ich dieses Dokument kaufe?
Du erhältst eine PDF-Datei, die sofort nach dem Kauf verfügbar ist. Das gekaufte Dokument ist jederzeit, überall und unbegrenzt über dein Profil zugänglich.
Zufriedenheitsgarantie: Wie funktioniert das?
Unsere Zufriedenheitsgarantie sorgt dafür, dass du immer eine Lernunterlage findest, die zu dir passt. Du füllst ein Formular aus und unser Kundendienstteam kümmert sich um den Rest.
Wem kaufe ich diese Zusammenfassung ab?
Stuvia ist ein Marktplatz, du kaufst dieses Dokument also nicht von uns, sondern vom Verkäufer kiaradavey. Stuvia erleichtert die Zahlung an den Verkäufer.
Werde ich an ein Abonnement gebunden sein?
Nein, du kaufst diese Zusammenfassung nur für 5,29 €. Du bist nach deinem Kauf an nichts gebunden.