Week 10-Delirium, Alzheimer's & Dementia Pro Exam Questions Fully Answered.
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Alzheimer\'s Disease
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Alzheimer\'s Disease
The nurse is caring for a client with dementia in an adult day care facility. Which nursing management goals are pertinent for this client? Select all that apply.
Maintain functional ability.
Learn to be dependent on the nurse.
Have dignity maintained.
Have personal care needs met.
Get regis...
Week 10-Delirium, Alzheimer's & Dementia Pro Exam Questions Fully Answered.
The nurse is caring for a client with dementia in an adult day care facility. Which nursing management goals are pertinent for this client? Select all that apply.
Maintain functional ability.
Learn to be dependent on the nurse.
Have dignity maintained.
Have personal care needs met.
Get registered in a long-term care facility. - Answer Maintain functional ability.
Have dignity maintained.
Have personal care needs met.
Rationale
The overall goals of nursing management for clients with dementia are to maintain functional ability, to maintain dignity, and to have personal care needs met. Owing to the cognitive decline, the client may not be able to perform all activities; the nurse should aim to maintain the client's functional ability as much as possible. Functional ability helps to preserve client's dignity. The nurse should ensure that the personal care needs of the client are met, either by the client (preferably) or by a caregiver (if the client is unable). The client should not be encouraged to become dependent on the nurse or the caregiver, because it would decrease the client's functional ability and self-respect. In early stages, the client can be
managed at home, with adult day care as a welcome aid (and break), and a long-term care facility may not be needed.
After genetic counseling and testing, a client is found positive for the apolipoprotein E-4 ( ApoE-4) allele. Which information should the nurse provide to the client regarding these results?
The client has a family history of Alzheimer's disease.
The client has risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
The client will definitely develop Alzheimer's disease. The client can prevent development of Alzheimer's disease. - Answer The client has risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
Rationale
A positive result for an Apo E-4 allele indicates that the client is at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
It is not a confirmatory test. Even in the presence of the Apo E-4, some people do not develop the disease. The test is not indicative of a family history because the mutation can be acquired. In addition, it
also does not indicate that the disease is preventable.
A spouse of a client, just diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in the mild stage, asks the nurse how to plan for the future and make treatment decisions. Which information should the nurse provide to the spouse?
Discussing advanced directives may cause the Alzheimer's disease to progress more quickly.
Medicine is researching treatments for Alzheimer's disease actively and a cure may be near.
Disease progression is uniform and decisions about treatment can be made after the client is comfortable with the diagnosis.
Health care decisions, including advanced directives, should be made while the client is able to participate in the decision-making - Answer Health care decisions, including advanced directives, should be made while the client is able to participate in the decision-making
Rationale
The nurse should assist the spouse and client to look at the future realistically and make health care decisions while the client has the capacity to participate in the process. Progression of Alzheimer's disease varies with the individual. Offering the spouse a possible cure is false reassurance. The client may
not achieve a comfort level with the diagnosis.
Which finding is characteristic of hyperactive delirium?
Lethargy
Drowsiness
Restlessness
Decreased motor activity - Answer Restlessness Rationale
Delirium is a state of mind in which the client experiences acute mental confusion. Delirium often affects
elderly clients and is precipitated by factors such as malnutrition, fever, and shock. Hyperactive delirium is characterized by symptoms such as restlessness, agitated movements, and hypervigilance. Lethargy, drowsiness, and decreased motor activity are manifestations of hypoactive delirium.
The client has been diagnosed with the mild cognitive impairment stage of Alzheimer's disease. Which nursing interventions should the nurse expect to implement for this client?
Treat disruptive behaviour with antipsychotic drugs.
Use a calendar and family pictures as memory aids.
Use a writing board to communicate with the client.
Use a wander guard mechanism to keep the client in the area. - Answer Use a calendar and family pictures as memory aids.
Rationale
The client with mild cognitive impairment will have problems with memory, language, or other essential cognitive functions that are severe enough to be noticeable to others, but do not interfere with activities
of daily living. A calendar and family pictures for memory aids will help this client. This client should not have disruptive behaviour yet or get lost easily. Using a writing board will not help this client with communication.
Which nursing intervention is best when caring for clients with dementia?
Avoid direct eye contact.
Lovingly call the client "honey" or "sweetie."
Give simple directions, focusing on one thing at a time.
Treat the client according to his or her age-related behaviour. - Answer Give simple directions, focusing on one thing at a time.
Rationale
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