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Peds Chapter 19 - Respiratory Tract & Mediastinum 49 terms Je Terms in this set (147) Name the 5 overlapping stages of lung development and when each occurs 1) Embryonic (3-7 wks gestation) 2) Pseudoglandular (5-17 wks gest) 3)Canalicular (16-26 7,60 €
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Peds Chapter 19 - Respiratory Tract & Mediastinum 49 terms Je Terms in this set (147) Name the 5 overlapping stages of lung development and when each occurs 1) Embryonic (3-7 wks gestation) 2) Pseudoglandular (5-17 wks gest) 3)Canalicular (16-26
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Peds Chapter 19 - Respiratory Tract & Mediastinum
49 terms
Je
Terms in this set (147)
Name the 5 overlapping stages of lung development and when each occurs 1) Embryonic (3-7 wks gestation)
2) Pseudoglandular (5-17 wks gest) 3)Canalicular (16-26 wks gest)
4) Saccular (26-36 wk...
1) Embryonic (3-7 wks gestation)
2) Pseudoglandular (5-17 wks gest)
Name the 5 overlapping stages of lung 3)Canalicular (16-26 wks gest)
development and when each occurs 4) Saccular (26-36 wks gest)
5) Alveolar (36 wk- 3-8yrs of age)*
*controversy exists over the length of this developmental period.
Abnormalities during this stage of lung Alveolar stage (36wks gestation to 3-8yrs of age)
development lead to lung hypoplasisa and
can result in bronchopulmonary dyplasia
(BPD).
In order to produce reliable lung function Most children can produce reliable results by age 4 yrs
tests (FVC, FEV1, etc), what age should the
child be?
In peds, what is the most common Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) mismatch. This occurs in acute asthma, CF, pnuemonia,
mechanism of hypoxiema? bronchiolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
To culture material from the respiratory tract, 6 years old; Oropharyngeal swabs
spontaneous expectorated sputum is the
least invasive way to collect a sample,
however it is rarely attainable from kids less
than ____ years old. The best surrogate for
this test is ____ _.
T/F- In children it is safe to use aerosolized True; It is most often used to obtain cultures form pts with CF, TB, and PCP pneumonia.
hypertonic saline as a means to induce a
lower airway sputum sample.
The foundational form of imaging of the Radiographs; The radiograph is useful for evaluating chest wall abnormalities, heart size
lungs in peds is ___ _. and shape, mediastinum, diaphragm, and lung parenchyma
In peds, chest CT is useful for evaluation of Congenital lung disease, among others uses seen in adults.
______.
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Name some indications for bronchoscopy Wheezing, suspected foreign body, pneumonia, atelectasis, chronic cough hemoptysis
(direct visualization of the bonchi).
T/F- Environmental insults (smoking, True
pollution) aggravate lung disease in children,
but it is unclear as to wether they CAUSE
lung disease.
EXTRATHORACIC/upper airway obstruction INSPIRATORY; Stridor or "noisy breathing"
disrupts _____ (inspiratory or expiratory)
breathing, producing _______ (sound).
INTRATHORACIC obstruction disrupts EXPIRATORY; Wheezing by prolonging the expiratory phase
_______(inspiratory or expiratory) breathing,
producing ______ (sound).
FIXED airway obstructions are associated Anatomical abnormalities; They affect each breath
with _______ abnormalities. In what pattern
do they affect breathing?
What are VARIABLE airway obstructions Dynamic changes in lung CALIBER ie..tacheo-, laryngeo- or bronchomalacia. The
associated with? In what pattern do they abnormalities in breathing are interspersed with normal breathing.
affect breathing?
The general goal of oxygen therapy is to 65-90 mm Hg; 92%
achieve an arterial oxygen tension of _______
or an oxygen saturation above ___ _.
In infants, the flow of O2 through the nasal 3 L/min
cannula should generally not exceed ____
L/min to avoid excessive drying of the
mucosa.
Inhaled medications include "relievers" and Relievers= Bronchodialtors (short acting Beta Agonists and Anticholinergics).
"controllers". What category of drugs are Controllers= Anti-inflammatory drugs (corticosteroids and cromones)
included in each?
What are currently available forms of "airway chest physiotherapy, autogenic drainage, blowing therapies (bubbles, pinwheels),
clearance therapy" (used most often for active coughing, positive expiratory pressure (PEP) with handheld devices,
improving clearance of lower airway intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, or high-frequency chest compression
secretions in kids with CF, bronchiectasis,
and neuromuscular disease)?
What is an important adjunctive therapy for Daily exercise
"airway clearance tx" and overall lung
health?
Before: Bronchodialtors and mucolytics (to enhance the effects of therapy)
What inhaled meds are best given before
After: Corticosteroids and antibiotics (given once airway is clear to enhance
and after "airway clearance therapy"?
penetration)
What is the name of a benign congenital Laryngomalacia
disorder in which the cartilaginous support
for the supraglottic structures is
underdeveloped.
______ is the MOST COMMON CAUSE of Laryngomalacia
CONGENITAL VARIABLE extrathoracic
airway obstruction
Persistent stridor present within the first 6 Laryngomalacia
weeks of life is suggestive of ______
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