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HDFS Final Exam: Questions & Complete Answers
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HDFS Final Exam: Questions & Complete Answers
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HDFS Final Exam: Questions & Complete AnswersWhich of the following statements best represents the view of
developmentalists?
A.Growth and change occur primarily in children and adolescents.
B.Growth and change are less important to study than stability.
C.Growth and change occur primarily in some aspects of a person's life.
D.Growth and change occur in all aspects of a person's life across their
lifespan. Right Ans - D
The financial crisis of the 2010s exerted what type of effect on the cohort of
children growing up during this period?
A.history-graded influences
B.sociocultural-graded influences
C.age-graded influences
D.non-normative life event influences Right Ans - A
Shalise believes that child development is a process of continuous change. Her
classmate Evan says that development follows a pattern of discontinuous
change. Who is correct?
A.Evan: A child's increasing height proves that development is always only
discontinuous.
B.Shalise: The growth of cognitive ability proves that development is always
only continuous.
C.Shalise: A child's increasing height proves that development is always only
continuous.
D.Both: A child's development is marked by both continuous and
discontinuous change. Right Ans - D
Which of the following statements represents current thinking among most
developmentalists?
A.Developmental growth and change occur throughout the life span.
B.Child development occurs in a consistent and predictable way, regardless of
culture or environment.
C.Developmentalists see the life span as a series of losses.
D.Social and personality development occurs during infancy, childhood, and
adolescence and then ceases. Right Ans - A
,Erikson's __________ theory was created as an alternative psychodynamic view
emphasizing social interaction with other people.
A.behavioral perspective
B.social-cognitive
C.humanistic potential
D.psychosocial development Right Ans - D
Which of the following statements describes the difference between classical
conditioning and operant conditioning?
A.Classical conditioning involves voluntary responses and operant
conditioning involves automatic responses.
B.Classical conditioning involves behavioral responses and operant
conditioning involves cognitive responses.
C.Classical conditioning involves cognitive responses and operant
conditioning involves behavioral responses.
D.Classical conditioning involves automatic responses and operant
conditioning involves voluntary responses. Right Ans - C
Which perspective contends that people have a natural capacity to make
decisions about their lives?
A.cognitive perspective
B.humanistic perspective
C.psychodynamic perspective
D.behavioral perspective Right Ans - B
What is the key factor guiding developmental perspectives that consider the
relationship between individuals and their physical, cognitive, personality,
and social worlds?
A.conditioning
B.genetic
C.contextual factors
D.habituation Right Ans - C
Which scientist studied the importance of biological determinants on behavior
patterns?
A.Urie Bronfenbrenner
B.Charles Darwin
C.Sigmund Freud
D.Konrad Lorenz Right Ans - D
,Some lifespan developmentalists use a(n) __________ approach, drawing on
several perspectives simultaneously.
A.correlational
B.cognitive
C.eclectic
D.behavioral Right Ans - C
A(n) __________ is a prediction stated in a way that permits it to be tested.
A.experiment
B.hypothesis
C.theory
D.proposition Right Ans - B
What is the best type of study to determine if daily reading with a parent can
increase the speed at which a child learns to read independently?
A.hypothetical
B.experimental
C.theoretical
D.correlational Right Ans - B
Alan has decided to conduct a naturalistic observation of children and
friendships. Which location would produce the most accurate results?
A.a playground
B.a laboratory setting designed like a classroom
C.a hospital emergency room
D.a school principal's office Right Ans - A
In an experiment, the __________ is exposed to the treatment variable being
studied; the __________ is not.
A.treatment group; experimental group
B.control group; treatment group
C.treatment group; control group
D.control group; experimental group Right Ans - C
A scientist is interested in the processes of cognitive change during childhood
and decides to see how many words children of various ages can remember
after one exposure to a list of words. What type of research is this scientist
conducting?
, A.evolutionary-response research
B.treatment-specific research
C.applied research
D.theoretical research Right Ans - D
Which type of research design takes the longest amount of time to complete?
A.correlational
B.cross-sectional
C.longitudinal
D.sequential Right Ans - C
Researchers must obtain __________ from participants before their involvement
in a study.
A.ethical understanding
B.informed consent
C.comprehensive guidelines
D.proxy permission Right Ans - B
How are the developmental periods of infancy and adolescence similar?
A.Both have a clear-cut boundary for when they begin.
B.Both involve roughly the same amount of years.
C.Both have a clear-cut boundary for when they end.
D.Most developmentalists study both of these periods at the same time.
Right Ans - A
Robin grew up in a public housing project in Chicago. Grant grew up at the
same time in an affluent suburb of Chicago. When Robin and Grant meet in
college, we can expect that in general they will __________.
A.differ significantly in age-graded influences
B.share similar non-normative life events
C.share sociocultural-graded influences but differ in history-graded influences
D.share history-graded influences but differ in sociocultural-graded influences
Right Ans - D
Which of the following statements describes discontinuous change?
A.Changes are quantitative, not qualitative.
B.New behavior is qualitatively different than the behavior it replaces.
C.Change is gradual.
D.Change is continuous, not incremental. Right Ans - B
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