Globalisation
+ English as a Lingua Franca
1. What kind of consumer are you?
2. What kind of “consumer culture” do we have in our area compared to Cologne / America …?
3. Horrible working conditions in sweat shops are commonly well known. Nevertheless, many people in
developed countries are still happy to buy cheap clothes and take part in the „fast fashion“ industry
and indirectly support sweat shops. What is your opinion on this issue? Who is to blame?
4. What are the latest eco trends / movements that you know of? (e.g. Minimalism, Veganism etc.) How
do you feel about these?
5. Name five driving factors of Globalisation.
6. What advantages and disadvantages do you see in a globalised world?
7. Why did Greta Thunberg urge global leaders to start calling our current situation a “climate crisis”
instead of climate change? Critically discuss #fridaysforfuture
English as a Lingua Franca
8. What role does English play in your life?
9. Define the term lingua franca (LF). What are the benefits of having a LF?
10. What are the main reasons why English is a / the best lingua franca?
Studying and Working in a Globalised World
11. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of intern. volunteering, studying abroad,
visiting and meeting people of foreign cultures.
12. What place or role do you see for yourself (in our global world)?
13. In which instances / context do you feel the power of Globalisation?
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, Culture
Pros Cons
• Moving and travelling freely Westernization
• Learning about other cultures and gain awareness Endangers cultural diversity
• Political, cultural, and scientific exchange → Blending into a single global culture (no
⁃ English as the lingua franca • Rapid growth of emerging marke
Creates global society consumerism)
• Spread of freedom, democracy, and human rights → Natural or limited resources disap
• Shared universal values • Causes regional tensions or conflic
> Fewer conflicts • Illegal immigration
• Global togetherness
> Exchange of interest, culture, or ethnicities
Effects on nature
Global warming through greenhouse gases and emissions
- Use of many transports increases more and more increased
carbon dioxide emissions
increasing process and prosperity lead to higher life expectancy for
GLOBALIZATION Definition
people resources have to be extracted, goods have to be Globalisation is the process of interaction and integration on
transported, more business have to be created a global scale that progressed rapidly over the past few
decades. Advanced technologies
-Problems have allowed buisnesses to expand and people to interact
-Pollution: Air pollution: greenhouse effect - add rain, Light pollution, with others in geographically and culturally distant places.
Water pollution
-Global warming - More deserts, Melting ice caps -> raising sea level,
famine solutions
-green energy: solar cells, wind generators, wave generators,
hydroelectric power plants Pros Cons
economic growth · income inequality
· technological advancements · loss of cultures
· cultural exchange · enviromental issues
, Here are five driving factors of globalization:
1. Technological Advancements:
- Rapid developments in transportation, communication, and information technologies have dramatically reduced the barriers to the movement of goods,
services, capital, and people across borders.
- The internet, mobile communications, and digital technologies have enabled global connectivity and the rise of e-commerce, remote work, and cross-border
data flows.
2. Trade Liberalization:
- Policies and agreements that reduce tariffs, quotas, and other trade barriers, and for example the World Trade Organization (WTO) have facilitated the
growth of international trade.
- Regional trade agreements like the European Union, NAFTA, and others have further integrated national economies.
3. Multinational Corporations (MNCs):
- The expansion of multinational corporations and their global supply chains have integrated production and distribution processes across multiple countries.
4. Financial Integration:
- The liberalization of capital markets and the development of global financial instruments and institutions have enabled the free flow of capital, investment,
and financial services across borders.
- The rise of international financial hubs, such as New York, London, and Hong Kong, has facilitated cross-border financial transactions.
5. Migration and Labor Mobility:
- Increased migration of people, both skilled and unskilled, in search of economic opportunities, education, or better living conditions has contributed to the
globalization of labor markets.
- The mobility of labor, along with the globalization of production and services, has led to the integration of diverse workforces across national boundaries.
These factors, among others, have all contributed to the acceleration of globalization, the increasing interdependence of national economies, and the integration
of markets, production, and societies worldwide.
Here are some of the key advantages and disadvantages of living in a globalized world:
Advantages:
1. Economic Benefits:
- Increased trade and investment opportunities for businesses and consumers
- Access to a wider range of products, services, and resources at lower prices
- Specialization and economies of scale leading to increased productivity and efficiency
2. Technological Advancements:
- Rapid diffusion of innovations, ideas, and knowledge across borders
- Improved communication and collaboration between individuals and organizations globally
- Expansion of global research and development networks
3. Cultural Exchange and Diversity:
- Exposure to diverse cultures, cuisines, art, and traditions
- Increased cultural understanding and appreciation
- Opportunities for intercultural learning and personal growth
4. Geopolitical Cooperation:
- Facilitation of global governance and coordination on issues like climate change, public health, and security
- Promotion of international cooperation and conflict resolution
- Increased access to global resources and support systems
Disadvantages:
1. Inequality and Uneven Distribution of Benefits:
- Concentration of economic gains among a small subset of the population
- Displacement of jobs and industries in certain regions due to outsourcing and automation
- Widening income and wealth disparities within and between countries
2. Cultural Homogenization and Loss of Diversity:
- Erosion of traditional cultures and local identities due to the dominance of global brands and media
- Concerns about the loss of linguistic and cultural diversity
- Potential for cultural conflicts and clashes
3. Environmental Challenges:
- Increased global resource consumption and waste generation
- Contribution to climate change through the expansion of international trade and travel
- Difficulty in coordinating environmental protection efforts across national boundaries
4. Increased Vulnerability to Global Crises:
- Heightened risk of financial contagion and the spread of economic shocks across borders
- Vulnerability to global health pandemics and the rapid spread of diseases
- Potential for global supply chain disruptions and the concentration of critical resources in few regions
The balance between the advantages and disadvantages of globalization remains a topic of ongoing debate and policy considerations, as societies
and governments seek to maximize the benefits while mitigating the challenges.
