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AP US History -- chapter 13 notes
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chapter 13 notes from the ap us history book
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Chapter 13: The Age of Jackson- Election of 1824
- Formally put an end to the Era of Good Feelings
- Andrew Jackson wins the popular vote, but nobody wins a majority of the
electoral vote
- Election goes to the House of Representatives
- The “Corrupt Bargain”
- Under the 12th amendment, they must choose among the top three candidates
- Speaker of the House Henry Clay and JQA both supported the American System
- Clay supports JQA
- JQA is named president, and Henry Clay becomes Secretary of State
- Jackson’s supporters immediately started campaigning for his next
election by creating their own political party, the democrats
- According to Jackson’s supporters, Adams had bribed Clay with the position
- Denounced as the “corrupt bargain”
- JQA had a lot of good about him (what he did for Secretary of State under
Monroe), but also some bad…
- Never had majority of support
- Charges of “corruption” hanging over him
- People did not trust him as much
- After the election, those that supported Adams were the National Republicans
(later would become the Whig party) and those with Jackson were the
Democratic-Republicans (later would be the Democrats)
- JQA presidency was uneventful and he was unpopular among the people
- Election of 1828
- Dirty campaign
- Jackson (Democrat) vs. JQA (National Republican)
- Mudslinging: National Republicans said Rachel, his wife, didn’t get her
previous marriage annulled, so she was attacked as an adulteress
- Mudslinging: Democrats attacked JQA for his gambling
- Sectional results of vote
- Jackson crushes JQA
- First president from the west
- Seen as a “common man”
- Inauguration was extremely popular
- Rachel died right before, was convinced it was because of the heartache
- Democratization of American Society
, - Most states eliminate property requirements for voting
- Eventually universal white male suffrage
- Women, African Americans, and Native Americans left out
- Although this seems unhelpful, it was a step forward in allowing more
people to vote
- Political Changes
- 1790-1828: Caucus System
- Small group of individuals within the party would choose the candidate
- After 1828: Party Convention
- Members from the political party nominate the candidate
- Changed during the Election of 1828
- Spoils System
- When Jackson became president, he got rid of everybody in Congress and
positions in the government
- “Kitchen cabinet”
- Rewarding political supporters with public office
- Instituted by Andrew Jackson
- Defended it on democratic grounds
- Negative: Corruption and ineffectiveness accompanied the new
system
- Positive: If he rewards supporters, more people would support him
- Peggy Eaton Affair (1829)
- “Friends” with a man named Eaton
- Peggy is married to Timberlake, who is in the navy, and has three kids
- Jackson becomes president
- Makes Eaton the Secretary of War and likes Peggy
- Timberlake dies at sea, some speculate that it was suicide, but was most likely
health issues
- Jackson sides with Peggy and the Eatons, Calhoun and his wife didn’t like them
- Jackson tells the cabinet to tell their wives to be nice to Peggy
- Martin Van Buren tells the cabinet to resign who were opposed to the scandal
- Jackson has a lowkey informal cabinet that meets in his kitchen
- “Kitchen cabinet”
- Were not an official part of Washington
- Calhoun, vice president, resigns
- When Jackson runs again in 1832, Martin Van Buren becomes his running mate
and is next in line to become president
- Nullification Crisis
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