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AP US HISTORY-- Chapter 7-8 Notes
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Notes from chapters 7 and 8 of the apush textbook
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Chapter 7- Turning Point: 1763
- End of 7 years war, England is in debt, salutary neglect comes to an end,
Proclamation Act of 1763 declares that they cannot move farther west
- King George III and George Grenville (prime minister) advocated for acts to
increase revenue (taxes) and consolidate colonial control (no more salutary
neglect)
- Consolidating Colonial Control
- Sugar Act (1764) passed on sugar to raise revenue
- Stricter enforcement of the Navigation Acts and a crackdown on smuggling
- Quartering Act (1765) colonists were required to provide food and housing for
British soldiers
- Stamp Act (1765) placed a direct tax on a variety of legal documents and items
- Important: Passed without consent of the colonial legislatures, taxed
without proper representation
- Virginia Resolves by Patrick Henry in House of Burgesses
- Boycotting British imports was a way of resisting
- Stamp Act Congress: Representatives from nine colonies met to oppose
British policies, move towards inter-colonial unity
- After Stamp Act is repealed, the Declaratory Act (1766) is passed saying
England still has power over the colonies
- Charles Townshend becomes Prime Minister and establishes the Townshend Act
(1767)
- Tax on imports such as paper, tea, glass, etc.
- Could search homes for smuggled or illegal goods in homes
- The money would be used to pay royal officials in the colonies
- John Dickinson wrote “Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania” and
argued “no taxation without representation” as a form of resistance
- England argued they had “virtual representation”
- Colonists created nonimportation and non-consumption agreements where
they boycotted British goods
- England was losing more money than it was making
- Townshend Act repealed in 1770
- Resistance
- Boycotts against British imports were the most effective form of resistance
-
, - Bloodshed and Relative Calm 1770-1773
- Boston Massacre (1770): British troops open fire near the customs house killing
five colonists
- Paul Revere’s engraving is used as pro-colonial propaganda
- John Adams defended the British soldiers against murder charges
- Committees of Correspondence (1772): Led by Samuel Adams were used to
keep up communication and resistance to British policies
- Tea Act (1773)
- Gave a monopoly to the British East India Company
- Although the British tea was cheaper than smuggled tea, colonists were still
opposed because they were not consented to be taxed
- Boston Tea Party (1773): Members of the Sons of Liberty dumped tea into the
Boston Harbor
- Some colonists resisted the action because it was destruction of private
property
- England passes the Coercive/Intolerable Acts (1774)
- Coercive/Intolerable Acts (1774)
- Boston port was closed until property was paid for
- Drastically reduced the power of the Massachusetts legislature and banned town
hall meetings
- Quartering Act was expanded
- Royal officials accused of a crime would be put on trial in England rather than the
colonies
- Colonies called the Coercive Acts the Intolerable Acts
- Suffolk Resolves: a declaration that called to boycott British goods until the acts
were repealed
-
- Quebec Act (1774)
- England was trying to figure out what to do with the Canadian land they acquired
from the French in the 7 Years War
- There are 60,000 French subjects in Canada and England needs to figure out what
to do with them
- Extended the boundary of Quebec into the Ohio Valley
- Roman Catholicism was established as the official religion
- Government was allowed to operate without representative assembly or trial by
jury
- Colonial Opposition: they claimed the land in the Ohio River Valley was for
them; Protestant colonists were not happy about Catholicism
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