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Institutions of the EU samenvatting
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Engelse samenvatting voor het vak institutions of the eu
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FemkeBuitenhuisInstitutions of the European Union
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,Summary Institutions of the European Union
Kees Barnard
Table of contents;
Week 1: p2
Introduction
Week 2: p4
European commission
Week 3: p6
Council of European Union & European Council
Week 4: p10
European parliament
Week 5: p16
Court of Justice & decision making
Week 6: p19
Other bodies & specialised agencies
1
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, Introduction:
After the devastation of the second world war, postwar Europe had three priorities. First;
economic reconstruction. Second; nuclear (non)proliferation, how to maintain Europe
between the US and the USSR. Third; never war again.
These three agenda points were addressed by the creation of two organisations, the Bretton
Woods System and the Marshall plan.
Bretton Woods:
This system created in 1944, designed as a postwar international economic system. The
system is based on free-trade, stable exchange rates based on the gold standard, and
mostly US dominated.
Marshall plan:
Aid in terms of loans for war ravaged Europe. Presented as humanitarian aid, but was very
political.
The European Coal and Steel Community:
Created in 1952 as a consequence of the Schuman declaration and was ratified by the
treaty of Paris. This plan was revolutionary. It tried to end the age-old rivalry between France
and Germany. In the Schuman plan it was key that members gave away sovereignty to a
supranational authority to help create a new European space.
Only six countries agreed (Benelux, BRD, France and Italy). The purpose of this
community was to regulate and monitor coal and steel and to create a common market for
coal and steel, eliminating import and export duties.
Because, these two resources were key resources in war. The ECSC was to make sure that
war would not happen again, and to promote interdependence and cooperation.
The treaties:
What is a Constitution? General principles under which a country is governed, for
example US Constitution (1787).
The EU is not a state, but rather an intergovernmental organisation (IGO) made of
multiple states. European integration began not with a Constitution but with a Treaty.
Treaties are agreements reached among the constituent parts (= the member states) of a
governing system. ALL EU law is based on the Treaties. Treaties are legally binding
Examples of treaties:
1951 Treaty of Paris (Creation of European Coal and Steel Community)
1957 Treaties of Rome (Creation of EEC & European Atomic Enegery)
1986 Single European Act (Creation of Single market)
Timeline of all treaties.
2
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