Class notes
Lecture Notes
- Course
- Institution
Lecture notes of 13 pages for the course Metabolic Pathways at QMUL
[Show more]
1 review
By: betulalm • 3 year ago
Seller
Follow
fatima-attia
Reviews received
Content preview
Overview of metabolism and revision from basic biochemistryLearning objectives:
1. Define metabolism, catabolic & anabolic pathways
2. Define the principle characteristics of MP
3. Describe & explain how certain metabolic reaction & thus pathways use ATP to make thermodynamically
unfavourable process favourable
4. Define phosphoryl transfer potential & explain their roles as recurring motif is in metabolism
5. Describe & explain the principle ways that metabolic pathways are regulated.
What need to know for exam?
1. In general: the overall process for each pathway
What it does
What does it make
Where it takes place
When does it happen
2. In detail: the key regulatory steps within
Which steps are crucial
What are they in detail
How are they regulated
LO1. DEFINE METABOLISM, CATABOLIC & ANABOLIC PATHWAYS
Define metabolism?
Metabolism:
- The sum total of the chemical that occur in living organisms, resulting in growth, production of energy,
elimination of waste material
2 general purposes (thus 2 general classification):
1. To capture energy from the environment and convert it to a form suitable for us (cellular work)
2. To transform groups of organic compounds into 1 another, particularly the transformation of small
organic compounds into macromolecules
The 2 aspects of metabolism are interdependent; neither can occur without the other
On one half, cells obtain energy by exergonic breakdown of organic compounds
On the other hand, a major use of stored energy is the synthesis of macromolecules
Laws of thermodynamics:
1st law: law of conservation of energy
- Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only transferred
nd
2 law:
- Entropy of any isolated system always increases
Energy capture & storage
Cells isolate energy from the environment by 2 major routes:
1. Phototrophs:
- Green plants and algea capture light energy through photosynthesis
2. Chemotrophs:
- Animal cells and most microorganisms obtain energy by breaking down organic compounds that are high
in chemical energy (particularly sugars & lipids) into products with less chemical energy
, From capture & storage to energy use
During these degradations, the energy that is released is captured and stored
- The stored energy can be used at a later time to perform cellular work
The 2nd purpose of metabolism is the conversion of this rather small set of compounds into a larger and more
diversified set of molecules
Thousands of reactions each catalysed by a specific enzyme, split, join together and rearrange the atoms create
almost everything
Metabolism- complex not random & all dependent on another
Not random
- Every reaction is part of a larger scheme, each reaction connected to another through metabolic
pathways
- E.g. conversion of glucose to pyruvic acid
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller fatima-attia. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.88. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
66475 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now