Class notes
macromolecules: carbohydrates
- Course
- Institution
Lecture notes of 3 pages for the course foundations of life at UWS (carbs)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
ctlnhiggins
Content preview
Macromolecules- carbohydratesLearning outcomes
1. List the main features of carbs
2. Explain the difference between types of isomer
3. Describe the formation of glycosidic bonds
4. Outline the role of carbs in nature
Carbohydrates
Also called saccharides
Compounds formed from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
1:2:1 ratio
Formula (CH2O) n, n=number of carbon-hydrate groups
Ready source of energy
C-H covalent bonds hold much energy
Good energy storage molecules
Sugars, starch glucose
Other crabs are structural- cellulose lignin chitin in cell walls
Monosaccharides- 1 sugar long, building blocks of carbs
Disaccharides- 2 sugars long
Polysaccharides- many repeating monosaccharides
Oligosaccharides- complex carbs, 2-10 monomers long
Monosaccharides
Simplest carb
6 carbon sugars (hexoses) play roles
Glucose=C6H12O6
Fructose is a structural isomer of glucose – molecules with the same formula but bonded
together in different orders
Galactose is a stereoisomer of glucose- molecules with the same molecular formula (same
structural isomer) and same sequence of bonded atoms, only differs in the 3-dimensional
orientations of their atoms in space
These differences account for substantial functional differences between isomers
Your tastebuds can discern them, fructose much sweeter than glucose despite identical
chemical composition.
Enzymes that act on different sugars can distinguish structural isomers and stereoisomers of
the basic 6-carbon skeleton
Glucose
Particularly efficient energy molecule.
During cellular respiration free energy of glucose is converted into stored energy of ATP
Provides raw materials for biosynthesis of amino acids and nucleotides.
Glucose is not the only sugar with the formula C6H12O6
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ctlnhiggins. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.78. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now