Summary CIE AS Chemistry Note Unit 19 - Carboxylic acids and derivatives
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Course
Unit 19 - Carboxylic acids and derivatives (9701)
Institution
CIE
These notes cover the whole syllabus of 9701 Cambridge International Examination, AS Level Chemistry Notes what divided into to different Units. You may find each notes have corresponded specifically in each term from syllabus.
CIE AS Chemistry Note Unit 19 - Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Alevel Chemistry Revision OC 19
Revision Material
Duration: 9th – 14th March
Topic 19 Carboxylic acids
This topic introduces the chemistry of the carboxylic acids and their derivatives
Learning outcomes
Candidates should be able to:
19.1 Carboxylic acids (a) describe the formation of carboxylic acids from alcohols, aldehydes and nitriles
(b) describe the reactions of carboxylic acids in the formation of:
(i) salts, by the use of reactive metals, alkalis or carbonates
(ii) alkyl esters
(iii) alcohols, by the use of LiAlH4
19.2 Esters (a) describe the acid and base hydrolysis of esters
(b) state the major commercial uses of esters, e.g. solvents, perfumes, flavourings
2. Physical properties
Carboxylic acid ester
- pungent smelling (vinegar) - sweet smelling
- soluble in water (C≤4) - insoluble in water
The b.p. of carboxylic acid is higher than the b.p. of an ester
Because there are hydrogen bonds formed between ‘–COOH’
group and this makes the intermolecular forces stronger
Summary to the solubility of organic compounds
C×3 –OH
–CHO
R
–COOH
Water-hating group water-loving group
(alkyl group) (forming hydrogen bonds with H2O molecules )
Van Der Waals’ Forces
(b) Carboxylic acid
1. Manufacture of carboxylic acid
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