Class notes
Clear summary of all the lectures from ARMS
- Course
- Institution
Clear summary of all lectures of the ARMS course
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
mai-ly
Reviews received
Content preview
Advanced Research Methods and Statistics (ARMS) hoorcolleges:Algemeen
Tentamen:
· Algemene deel: 60%
o Theorie: geen boek 45% à minimaal 5.0
o SPSS: boek mag mee à minimaal 5.0
o Allebei in week 6
· Studie pad: 40%
· = in Engels
· Hoeven we niet te weten: Equations à some of squares, how to compute … etc à mathematical
things we don’t need to know
Hoorcollege 1: Multiple Lineair Regression
Multiple lineair regression:
Paper we needed to read before Friday | Birth order effects:
o Galton (1874) noticed that the number of firstborns among eminent scientists was
remarkably large à researchers started to study relation birth order with IQ, and
observed a significant positive relation
o Does this imply a real effect of birth order on IQ?
Critically review the way the studies were performed
Representative sample?
Reliable measures of variables?
Correct analyses and correct interpretation of results?
Critically consider alternative explanations for the statistical association
Association =/= causation
Does effect remain when additional variables are included?
Adding variables:
o Simple linear regression: involves 1 outcome (Y) and 1 predictor (X)
Outcome = DV = dependent variable = e.g. IQ
Predictor = IV = independent variable = e.g. birth order
Y = B + BX + e
i 0 1 i i
Multiple lineair regression: involves 1 outcome and multiple predictors
It’s a lineair line
If the line described the line really well? The dots
resample the …
If the dots are wider around the line? Less …
R2:
First picture: large
Second picture: smaller
, When the slope is steep = big b
When the slope is horizontal = B is close to 0
1
Multiple linear regression (MLR)
MLR examines a model where multiple predictors are included to check their unique linear
effect on Y
Things you need to know about MLR
o The model
o Types of variables in MLR
o MLR and Hierarchical MLR
Hypotheses
Output
Model fit: R2, adjusted R2, and R2-change
Regression coefficients: B and Beta (=standardized B)
o Exploratory MLR (stepwise) versus confirmatory MLR (forced entry)
o Model assumptions important to MLR (see Grasple)
The model:
i= individual scores can differ à without subscribed i
= general
A multiple regression model: could also be named a
additive linear model
Types of variables:
Formal distinction in 4 measurement levels:
o Nominal
o Ordinal
o Interval
o Ratio
For choice of analysis we usually distinguish:
o Categorical (qualitative): nominal + ordinal
o Numerical (quantitative or continuous): interval + ratio
MLR requires continuous outcome and continuous predictors
If you want to include al categorical predictors: use dummy variables
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller mai-ly. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
71498 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now