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LAW PA513 WEEK 3 PAPER.docx LAW/PA513 The Role of Government University of Phoenix LA/PA513 The Role of Government The author had the honor to talk with James Madison, one of the founding fathers about federalism. Madison...
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LAW/PA513
The Role of
Government
University of Phoenix
LA/PA513
The Role of Government
The author had the honor to talk with James Madison, one of the founding fathers about
federalism. Madison explained how the three branches of government function. Madison took
the time and gave examples of the federal and state exclusive powers. Madison was surprised
about how the federal and state governments' powers have changed over time. When
federalism was created its main purpose was to separate the Federal and State powers without
the courts' interference. Now, the courts must decide who has jurisdiction over a situation when
both jurisdictions overlap. The speaker made some recommendations as well.
The Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Branches
Author asked, “Sir, can you tell me about the roles of various branches of
government, their administrative functions, and their structural and political characteristics?”
Madison answered, “In 1787 leaders of the states decided that the best way to protect the
citizens' rights, was to have a strong and fair national government. The governmental powers
were divided between the executive, the legislative, and the judicial executive branches. Each
branch is separate and has its independent powers and responsibilities so that they do not
conflict with each other.
“The legislative branch consists of the two houses of Congress – the Senate and the
House of Representatives. Special agencies and offices that give support services to Congress
are also part of the Legislative Branch.
, The Legislative branch "drafts proposed laws, confirms or rejects presidential nominations for
heads of federal agencies, federal judges, and the Supreme Court, and has the authority to
declare war" (USA Gov., para. Legislative Branch of the U.S. Government). Interstate and
foreign commerce are regulated by this branch and taxing and spending policies are controlled
by it as well. The senate consists of 100 senators, they are elected by the citizens of the state
through state elections and they serve for six-years. The House of Representatives consists of
435 representatives and are also elected through state elections, they serve for two-years.
“The Executive Branch consists of "the president, vice-president, the Cabinet, executive
departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees" (USA
Gov., para. Executive Branch of the U.S. Government). The main role of the executive branch is
to enforce the law, make treaties, and sign bills. The president and vice-president are elected by
the citizens through national elections, both serve a four-year term. The president can serve no
more than two-term and the vice-president can serve for an unlimited term. The president
approves or disapproves laws; appoints or removes cabinet members and officials; negotiates
treaties and acts as head of state and commander in chief of the armed forces. The vice-president
supports the president.
“The judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. This
branch interprets the laws, applies laws to cases, and decides if a law violates the Constitution.
The Supreme Court consists of nine judges: eight associate judges and one chief judge. These
judges do not have a term limit and they are nominated by the president and the Senate must
approve them. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States and its decisions are
final”.
Exclusive Powers
Author asked, “Can you give two examples of an exclusive federal power and
an exclusive state power?
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