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Samenvatting Bouwfysica (B3K076)

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  • Course
  • Bouwfysica (B3K076)
  • Institution
  • Katholieke Hogeschool VIVES (VIVES)

Ik studeer ecotechnologie maar mijn keuzevakken van het laatste jaar waren in Oostende Bouw Vives Noord Oostende. Dit is een samenvatting van 95 pagina's (heel de cursus op 1 document samen met uitleg uit de lessen, powerpoints, documenten,...) Met enkel dit te studeren had ik een 12/20 maar den...

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Document information

  • March 18, 2021
  • 95
  • 2020/2021
  • Summary

Subjects

  • binnenklimaat
  • buitenklimaat
  • warmtedoorgang
  • temperatuursverloop
  • woonvocht
  • condensatie
  • relatieve vochtigheid
  • ventilatie
  • thermische evaluatie
  • stralingsverschijnselen
  • inertie
  • luchtkwaliteit
  • binnenisolatie

Written for

  • Katholieke Hogeschool VIVES (VIVES)
  • Bachelor Bouwkunde
  • Bouwfysica (B3K076)
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By: jdielissen • 2 year ago

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Bouwfysica 2020-2021 Ecotechnologie



Inhoud
1. Algemene inleiding .......................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Comforteisen van de gebruiker: .............................................................................................. 4
1.2 Bouwfysica aspecten: .................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 Gebouweisen: Bouwknopen ......................................................................................................... 4
1.4Warmtehuishouding van de mens: Menselijke warmteproductie (36,7°C) .................................. 5
1.5 Warmtehuishouding v/d mens: fysiologisch regelsysteem .......................................................... 5
1.6 Binnenklimaat: Invloed factoren ................................................................................................... 5
1.7 Binnenklimaat: Droge resulterende temperaturen ...................................................................... 6
1.8 Buitenklimaat: ............................................................................................................................... 7
2. Warmtedoorgang en temperatuursverloop.................................................................................... 8
2.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 Warmtestraling (radiatie) .............................................................................................................. 9
2.3 Convectie (stroming) ................................................................................................................... 10
2.4 Geleiding (conductie) .................................................................................................................. 10
2.5 Samenvatting............................................................................................................................... 11
2.6 Aan de oppervlakken ................................................................................................................... 11
2.7 Doorheen materiaallagen............................................................................................................ 12
2.8 Doorheen luchtlagen ................................................................................................................... 13
2.9 Totale warmteweerstand ............................................................................................................ 14
2.10 Warmtedoorgangscoëfficiënt ................................................................................................... 14
2.11 Temperatuurverloop ................................................................................................................. 16
2.12 Oefening 1 ................................................................................................................................. 17
2.13 Oefening 2 ................................................................................................................................. 17
3. Woonvocht en condensatie .......................................................................................................... 19
3.1 Partiële dampdruk: ...................................................................................................................... 19
3.2 Verzadigingsdampdruk: ............................................................................................................... 20
3.3 Condens op buitenzijde glas:....................................................................................................... 20
3.3.1 Bij enkele beglazing en gewoon dubbel glas ........................................................................ 20
3.3.2 Bij hoogrendementsbeglazing (HR) ...................................................................................... 21
3.3.3 Invloed van een lagere binnentemperatuur ........................................................................ 21
3.3.4 Hoe kan het aantal uren en kans op buitencondensatie beïnvloed worden? ..................... 22
3.3.5 Invloed van de relatieve vochtigheid ................................................................................... 22
3.3.6 Invloed van de hellingsgraad ................................................................................................ 22
3.3.7 Invloed van de oriëntatie ...................................................................................................... 23

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,Bouwfysica 2020-2021 Ecotechnologie


3.3.8 Invloed van beschutting ....................................................................................................... 23
3.3.9 Conclusie over het beïnvloeden van de kans op buitencondensatie ................................... 23
3.4 Relatieve vochtigheid: ................................................................................................................. 23
3.5 Drogen van lucht ......................................................................................................................... 25
3.6 Dampdiffusieweerstand van constructie-elementen.................................................................. 27
3.7 Dampschermen en dampschermklassen .................................................................................... 28
3.8 Dampdrukbepaling in een samengestelde wand ........................................................................ 29
3.9 Principe ........................................................................................................................................ 29
3.10 Methodiek ................................................................................................................................. 30
3.11 Toepassing ................................................................................................................................. 31
4. Ventilatie ....................................................................................................................................... 33
4.1 Wat legt de wetgeving op?.......................................................................................................... 35
4.2 Soorten systemen ........................................................................................................................ 38
4.2.1 Eisen algemeen..................................................................................................................... 38
4.2.2 Eisen regelbare toevoer opening (RTO) in systeem A en C .................................................. 40
4.2.3 Eisen DO (doorgangsopeningen) in alle systemen .............................................................. 41
4.2.4 Eisen RAO (regelbare afvoeropening) in systeem A/B ......................................................... 41
4.2.5 Verticaal kanaal voor vrije afvoer in systeem A/B................................................................ 42
4.2.6 Eisen natuurlijk afvoerkanaal ............................................................................................... 42
4.2.7 Eisen natuurlijk afvoerkanaal: uitmonding boven het dak................................................... 42
4.2.8 Eisen plaatselijke afvoerventilator in systeem A/B .............................................................. 42
4.2.9 Eisen natuurlijke afvoer van de keuken in systeem A/B ...................................................... 43
4.2.10 Eisen systeem D .................................................................................................................. 43
4.2.11 Ventilatiesysteem A............................................................................................................ 48
4.2.12 Ventilatiesysteem B ............................................................................................................ 51
4.2.13 Ventilatiesysteem C ............................................................................................................ 52
4.3 Document Praktische gids voor de basisventilatiesystemen voor woongebouwen ................... 56
4.4 Kwaliteitskader ventilatie ............................................................................................................ 59
5. Randvoorwaarden bij thermische evaluatie gebouwen ............................................................... 63
5.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 63
5.2 Stralingsverschijnselen ................................................................................................................ 63
5.3 Inertie: Kenmerkende parameters dynamische fase .................................................................. 66
5.4 Inertie: Dynamisch gedrag van individuele constructie-elementen ........................................... 67
5.5 Inertie – PCM’s ............................................................................................................................ 69
6. Luchtkwaliteit ................................................................................................................................ 70
6.1 Belang van luchtdichtheid en het meten ervan .......................................................................... 70

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,Bouwfysica 2020-2021 Ecotechnologie


6.2 Hoe een goede luchtdichtheid realiseren? ................................................................................. 70
6.3 Mogelijke doelen van een luchtdichtheidstest ........................................................................... 72
6.4 Koninklijk besluit arbeidsplekken luchtverversing ...................................................................... 72
6.5 Koninklijk besluit arbeidsplekken temperatuur .......................................................................... 73
6.6 Koninklijk besluit arbeidsplekken binnenluchtkwaliteit .............................................................. 73
7. Binnenisolatie ................................................................................................................................ 74
7.1 Na-isolatietechnieken voor bestaande buitenwanden ............................................................... 74
7.2 Damptransport en inwendige condensatie ................................................................................. 75
7.3 Methode van Glaser .................................................................................................................... 75
7.4 Dampremmende systemen ......................................................................................................... 76
7.5 Capillair actieve systemen ........................................................................................................... 76
7.6 Indeling op basis van draagsysteem of bevestigingsmethode .................................................... 76
7.7 Belangrijke aandachtspunten ...................................................................................................... 77
7.8 Binnenisolatie uitleg WTCB ......................................................................................................... 78
8. Akoestiek ....................................................................................................................................... 80
8.1 Geluid .......................................................................................................................................... 80
8.2 Geluidssterkte ............................................................................................................................. 80
8.3 Frequentie (f) en golflengte (λ) ................................................................................................... 80
8.4 Klank ............................................................................................................................................ 80
8.5 Absorptie vs. Isolatie ................................................................................................................... 80
8.5.1 Isolatie .................................................................................................................................. 80
8.5.2 Absorptie .............................................................................................................................. 81
8.6 Akoestisch comfort...................................................................................................................... 81
8.7 Luchtgeluidsisolatie ..................................................................................................................... 81
8.8 Contactgeluid ( of impactgeluid) ................................................................................................. 81
8.9 Akoestiek in de praktijk ............................................................................................................... 82
8.9.1 Traditioneel metselwerk gevel met spouw .......................................................................... 82
8.9.2 Houtskeletbouw (HSB) met gevelmetselwerk...................................................................... 82
8.9.3 Enkelvoudige muur met buitenisolatie ................................................................................ 82
8.9.4 Lichte sandwichconstructies ................................................................................................ 82
8.9.5 Glazen gevels ........................................................................................................................ 82
9. Verlichting ..................................................................................................................................... 83
9.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 83
9.2 Wat is verlichting? ....................................................................................................................... 83
9.3 De beschikbare lampen en armaturen ........................................................................................ 86
9.4 Regelsystemen ............................................................................................................................ 88

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, Bouwfysica 2020-2021 Ecotechnologie


9.5 De verlichtingskwaliteit ............................................................................................................... 88
9.6 Natuurlijk daglicht ....................................................................................................................... 88
9.7 Programma’s ............................................................................................................................... 88
9.8 Praktische en technische gids voor de verlichting van woningen ............................................... 89
9.9 Koninklijkbesluit verlichting ........................................................................................................ 89
10. Meettechniek en thermografie ................................................................................................. 90
10.1 Klimaatmeettechniek ................................................................................................................ 90
10.1.1Temperatuur ....................................................................................................................... 90
10.1.2 Vochtigheid......................................................................................................................... 91
10.1.3 Luchtsnelheid ..................................................................................................................... 92
10.1.4 Druk .................................................................................................................................... 92
10.1.5 CO2 ..................................................................................................................................... 92
10.1.6 Luchtkwaliteit ..................................................................................................................... 93
10.1.7 Thermisch comfort ............................................................................................................. 93
10.1.8 Koeltechniek ....................................................................................................................... 93
10.2 Thermografie ............................................................................................................................. 94



1. Algemene inleiding
Bouwfysica is de toepassing van natuurkundige wetmatigheden op de bouwtechniek.

1.1 Comforteisen van de gebruiker:
- Hygrothermisch comfort (warmte, vocht en ventilatie)
- Akoestisch comfort
- Visueel comfort

1.2 Bouwfysica aspecten:
- Lucht
- Energie
- Vocht
- Warmte
- Zon
- Akoestiek
- Milieu
- Licht

De eisen zijn in functie van een specifiek klimaat, deze eisen zullen veranderen in andere landen.
De eisen veranderen ook naar gelang de wensen van de gebruiker/ omgeving bv. Sauna,
operatiekwartier, klaslokaal, fabriek, woonkamer, …

1.3 Gebouweisen: Bouwknopen
- Constructie-elementen: Fundering, vloer, dak, wand, …
- Materialen: Beton, hout, glas, …


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