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Summary Operations Management Chapter 15 (complete)

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Summary study book Operations Management processes and supply chains of lee J. Krajewski (Hoofdstuk 15) - ISBN: 9780273766834, Edition: 10, Year of publication: 2012

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  • Hoofdstuk 15
  • September 16, 2014
  • 5
  • 2013/2014
  • Summary
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15. Planning and scheduling operations

Operations planning and scheduling: The process of balancing supply with demand,
From the aggregate level down to the short-
term scheduling level.

Aggregation:
1. Services or products
2. Workforce
3. Time

Product family: A group of services or products that have
similar demand requirements and common
process, labor, and materials requirements.

Business plan: A projected statement of income, costs and
profits.

Annual plan / financial plan: A plan for financial assessment used by a
nonprofit service organization.

,Demand options:
1. Complementary products
2. Promotional pricing
3. Prescheduled appointments
4. Reservations
5. Revenue management
6. Backlogs
7. Backorders and stockouts

Complementary products:

Complementary products: Services or products that have similar
resource requirements but different demand
cycles.

Promotional pricing:

Promotional campaigns are designed to increase sales with creative pricing.

Prescheduled appointments:

Service providers often can schedule customers for definite periods of order fulfillment.
With this approach, demand is leveled to

Reservations:

Reservation systems, although quite similar to appointment systems, are used when
the customer actually occupies or uses facilities associated with the service.

Revenue management:

Revenue management: Varying price at the right time for different
customer segments to maximize revenues
yielded by existing supply capacity.

Backlogs:

Backlog: An accumulation of customer orders that a
manufacturer has promised for delivery at
some future date.

Backorders and stockouts:

Backorder: A customer order that cannot be filled
immediately but is filled as soon as possible.

Stockout: A customer order that is lost and the customer
goes elsewhere.

, Supply options:
1. Anticipation inventory
2. Workforce adjustment
3. Workforce utilization
4. Part-time workers
5. Subcontractors
6. Vacation schedules

Anticipation inventory:

Anticipation inventory can be used to absorb uneven rates of demand or supply.

Workforce adjustment:

Management can adjust workforce levels by hiring or laying off employees.

Workforce utilization:

Overtime: The time that employees work that is longer
than the regular workday or workweek for
which they receive additional pay.

Undertime: The situation that occurs when employees do
not have enough work for the regular-time
workday or workweek.

Part-time workers:

Another option apart from overtime is to hire part-time workers, who are paid only for
the hours and days worked. Perhaps they only work during the peak times of the day or
peak days of the week.

Subcontractors:

Subcontractors can be used to overcome short-term capacity shortages, such as during
peaks of the season or business cycle.

Vacation schedules:

A manufacturer can shut down during an annual lull in sales, leaving a skeleton crew to
cover operations and perform maintenance.

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