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Powerplant summary
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In this summary you can find answers for the easa atpl exam in powerplant. The notes are made from courses and exam questions. I used personally these notes to pass all exams.
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ATPL THEORYSUMMARY
, Piston Engines • BHP: engine avail. PS (friction break measure) | IHP: theo. avail. Im Zylinder
• Intermittent process & const. Volume (Airline Pilot: continuous pressure)
• Power output: Torque*RPM (torque @ gear box between engine & prop)
• Otto Cycle 4-Stroke: Induction | Compression | Power (driving) | Exhaust
➡ Stroke: piston (kolben) traveled distance
➡ Crank assembly: Crankshaft (rotary), Piston & connection rods
Camshaft:1/2v
(Nockenwelle) Inlet valve
Igntion
Piston (kolben)
Crankshaft
(Kurbelwelle)
Zylinder
• Volume Total: Vol. above BDC (Bottom dead centre)
Swept: Stroke distc. TDC & BDC
Clearance: Vol. above TDC
➡ Compression Ratio (Verdichtungsverhältnis) = Total vol./ clear vol.
➡ Displacement = Area*Stroke*Cylinders
• Fuelling • Octane: Anti-knocking rating
• Detonation (due lean mixture after ignition): high pressure & temp.
➡ Higher compression: requires higher octane
• Pre-Ignition (uncontrolled prior spark at plug): low RPM
• Vapour lock: block by a fuel vaporizing bubble prior engine
• Specific-fuel: Fuel/ Nutzleistung * Time | Fuel: cooling effect
• Carburettor Mixes fuel-to-air-ratio to engine by throttle
• Venturi: drops air pressure to create suction Throttle butterfly Venturi throat
➡ Difference at Venturi & air inlet
• Butterfly: regulate amount air Power
enrichment
• Diffuser: const. mixture
• Acc. Pump/ power enrich: provide fuel during rapid Diffuser
@ rapid throttle
➡ Safe priming: injection ports
• Press. balance duct: prevent weak mixture, weight fuel-to-air-ratio
• Fuel strainer (filter): upstream needle valve
Icing (@ Venturi & throttle valve)
• Due: vaporization of fuel & decreasing temp. in venturi: Loss in power
• Heat ON: richer Mixture, reduction power, reduces air density
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