In this summary you can find answers for the easa atpl exam in principles of flight. The notes are made from courses and exam questions. I used personally these notes to pass all exams.
• Units • Weight (dependent): Force = N = kg*m/s2
• Mass (independent to gravity): kg
• Energy: J = N*m
➡ Power: Watt = J/s = N*m/s
• Density (rho): Mass/Vol. = kg/m3 = 1,225kg/m3
• Pressure: Pa = N/m2
• Wing-load: kg/m2
• Newton’s Laws 1. Inertia: Body remain at rest unless external force
2. F=m*a
3. Actio=reactio: Each reaction equal and opposite reaction
• Pressure Bernoulli (TAS): Σ all energy const.: pT = pS + q
• Static pressure (pS): in all directions
• Dynamic pressure (q) = 1/2 *roh*v2
➡ IAS: 1/2 *roh*TAS2
Gas Equation: p*V = m*Rair*T
Equation continuity: mass flow const. = A*roh*V —> v1*A1 =v2*A2
Aerodynamic
Drag
• Aerofoil • Camber: distance camber line & chord line Lift Total reaction
• line: between upper & lower surface
LE TE
• Chord Line: straight between LE & TE CP
• Thickness: max. thick/ chord
SP (v=0)
• AoA: between Chord line & RAF
+ SP down, CP forw
• Center of Pressure (CoP): on chord line: aerodynamic force: total lift act on
➡ Symmetric airfoil: no change aoa; @25% chord
• Wings • Avg. Chord (MGC): Area/Span
• AR: Span/Avg. Chord = Span^2/Area
• Taper Ratio: Tip chord/ Root chord
• Sweep α: wing inclined to lateral axis
➡ Di (up)-/Anhedral (down) α
• α of incidence (fixed): chord line & longitudinal axis
• Aerodynamic centre (fixed): Pitching moment acts on; no AoA
• Lift Component of total force, perpendicular to airflow
➡ Greater than Drag: L = 1/2* roh* CL* S *v2
• CL: Lift per area & dyn. Pressure
➡ depends: AoA, Camber, (thickness)
• Polar curve: CL/CD-Ratio (2,5…,1)
1. Min. CD (value of drag coefficient)
2. Best: VMD & min. glide angle (CL/CD max.)
➡ max. lift @4° AoA = VMD
3. Min. sink
4. Slow speed | close to stall
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller nilsheuschen3800. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.79. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
