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Summary Religious Studies A/AS level: Philosophy of Religion- Topic 1, God and the World $10.96   Add to cart

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Summary Religious Studies A/AS level: Philosophy of Religion- Topic 1, God and the World

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This document provides an in-depth summary of all you need to know for topic 1 of the Philosophy and Religion module of your R.S. AS level and A level. I have provided you with scholars, case studies and key terminology that can be used to put your exam into the top band.

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  • April 1, 2021
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GOD AND THE WORLD

RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE: Definitions:


Monist Experience: a feeling of being at one
Biblical E.gs. Muslim E.gs. Sikh E.gs. with/equal to God rather than separated from
Him- unity of all things (e.g. Buddhist meditation)
 Acts 2:1-13- Prophet Muhammad Guru Nanak and the
Pentecost, and the Night of river- bathed in the Theist Experience: feel a sense of own
disciples Power- was able to river, his clothes left
speaking in read Qur’an despite by the side, three unworthiness and beyond the experience- wholly
tongues- being illiterate days later he other/separate to us (e.g. numinous)
universal reappeared knowing
language and preaching the
truths (now Corporate Experience: a shared experience
 Acts 9:1-18- documented in the
Conversion of Guru Granth Sahib) within a group
Saul to Paul
(includes visions Conversion Experience: an experience causing
and miracles
 Exodus 3:1-5- radical change in one’s belief system
Moses and the
burning bush-
voice of God can Mysticism: experiences of God which go beyond
be heard our everyday sense experience




Philosophy | Topic 3, Sub-section 1

, Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834)
 Religious experience is self-authenticating (you know whether its real or not)
 Religious experience is the essence of religion- wouldn’t have a doctrine without a religious experience
 All have a consciousness of the divine- religious people are those who are aware and try to develop this
 Statements of belief should be formulated to fit the religious experience (which have priority) rather than be tested against
the teachings
 Individual experience is based on the sense of being wholly dependent and can take a variety of different forms in different
cultures (this explains different religions)
 Christianity= highest form as Jesus was the closest to God that we have experienced


He puts too much emphasis on the subjective, reducing religion to emotion- no uniformity; enables anything in religion to be
accepted dissolving the value. Critics say there should be an objective testing method e.g. the Bible


William James (1842-1910)- studied psychology therefore wanted to be as objective as possible
 Conversion- when the divided and conscious of being wrong and unhappy become more confident over what is right
 He studied religious experience in seminal studies
 Test the validity of an experience by examining the long-lasting effects on the subject (pragmatist)
 Experiences do not necessarily have to marked by supernatural events
 4 main qualities of a religious experience:
1. Ineffability- impossible to express adequately in normal language
2. Noetic quality- gives an understanding of more important truths which could not be reached by reason alone
3. Transience- when an experience is over quickly but the effects are long-lasting
4. Passivity- feeling of being controlled outside themselves i.e. they are the recipient instead of the instigator
 He believed effects outside of Christianity were also valid if they had the same effects

Philosophy | Topic 3, Sub-section 1

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