Summary Religious Studies A/AS level: Philosophy of Religion- Topic 1, God and the World
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Course
G571 - AS Philosophy of Religion (H173)
Institution
OCR
This document provides an in-depth summary of all you need to know for topic 1 of the Philosophy and Religion module of your R.S. AS level and A level. I have provided you with scholars, case studies and key terminology that can be used to put your exam into the top band.
Monist Experience: a feeling of being at one
Biblical E.gs. Muslim E.gs. Sikh E.gs. with/equal to God rather than separated from
Him- unity of all things (e.g. Buddhist meditation)
Acts 2:1-13- Prophet Muhammad Guru Nanak and the
Pentecost, and the Night of river- bathed in the Theist Experience: feel a sense of own
disciples Power- was able to river, his clothes left
speaking in read Qur’an despite by the side, three unworthiness and beyond the experience- wholly
tongues- being illiterate days later he other/separate to us (e.g. numinous)
universal reappeared knowing
language and preaching the
truths (now Corporate Experience: a shared experience
Acts 9:1-18- documented in the
Conversion of Guru Granth Sahib) within a group
Saul to Paul
(includes visions Conversion Experience: an experience causing
and miracles
Exodus 3:1-5- radical change in one’s belief system
Moses and the
burning bush-
voice of God can Mysticism: experiences of God which go beyond
be heard our everyday sense experience
Philosophy | Topic 3, Sub-section 1
, Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834)
Religious experience is self-authenticating (you know whether its real or not)
Religious experience is the essence of religion- wouldn’t have a doctrine without a religious experience
All have a consciousness of the divine- religious people are those who are aware and try to develop this
Statements of belief should be formulated to fit the religious experience (which have priority) rather than be tested against
the teachings
Individual experience is based on the sense of being wholly dependent and can take a variety of different forms in different
cultures (this explains different religions)
Christianity= highest form as Jesus was the closest to God that we have experienced
He puts too much emphasis on the subjective, reducing religion to emotion- no uniformity; enables anything in religion to be
accepted dissolving the value. Critics say there should be an objective testing method e.g. the Bible
William James (1842-1910)- studied psychology therefore wanted to be as objective as possible
Conversion- when the divided and conscious of being wrong and unhappy become more confident over what is right
He studied religious experience in seminal studies
Test the validity of an experience by examining the long-lasting effects on the subject (pragmatist)
Experiences do not necessarily have to marked by supernatural events
4 main qualities of a religious experience:
1. Ineffability- impossible to express adequately in normal language
2. Noetic quality- gives an understanding of more important truths which could not be reached by reason alone
3. Transience- when an experience is over quickly but the effects are long-lasting
4. Passivity- feeling of being controlled outside themselves i.e. they are the recipient instead of the instigator
He believed effects outside of Christianity were also valid if they had the same effects
Philosophy | Topic 3, Sub-section 1
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