Summary Religious Studies A/AS Level: Philosophy of Religion- Topic 2 pt2, Philosophical Language and Thought
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Course
G571 - AS Philosophy of Religion (H173)
Institution
OCR
This is the second part to the philosophical language and thought topic. It discusses dualism, reductionism, behaviourism and materialism. It also introduces more modern philosophers such as Dawkins and again provides you with key words and information.
Dualism: belief in two separate
Dualists
elements (body and soul) but are
Plato: Substance dualist joined as one
Substance Dualism: two
If permanence does not exist in this world
then it must in another elements (body and soul) are
‘The soul is immortal’- if this is true then we
Criticisms:
wholly different substances
must experience a separate world to this-
thus the immaterial soul is essential Psyche: Greek word for mind/soul
Intuitions= evidence that our souls once All 3 elements are seen as
lived in the perfect world of the Forms (we Materialism: one substance and it
already have all knowledge we are just necessary
unable to access it) is material
Soul= 3 elements- Appetite (e.g. desires), Appetitive= connected to
Monism: one substance not two
Emotion (spirited elements), Reason bodily life- if the soul is free
(controls the soul) Reductionism: everything can be
Major influence on Christian belief and from the body when it dies
later ideas of reincarnation are similar to reduced to statements about
eastern religious notions on rebirth will the soul be incomplete
physical bodies
Helps explain individuality from other Issue of personal identity if
species- links with Freud’s id, ego and Behaviourism: all mental states
superego only parts of soul survive-
are simply learnt behaviours
no body identity
Philosophy | Topic 1, Sub-section 2
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