Samenvatting H1 t/m H5 + H7, H8 van Handboek Proefdierkunde
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Course
Cursus tot Biotechnicus
Institution
Cursus Tot Biotechnicus
Book
Handboek proefdierkunde
Het betreft een samenvatting van H1 t/m H5 + H7, H8 van het Handboek proefdierkunde. Hierin worden onder andere huisvesting, gebruik, standaardisatie, microbiologische kwaliteit, barrière systemen, biologie en zoötechniek besproken.
, 1.2 Geschiedenis van het proefdiergebruik....................................................................................6
1.3 Proefdiergebruik en onderzoeksdoeleinden.............................................................................7
1.4 De ‘’THREE Rs’’ Van Russell en Bruch........................................................................................8
1.5 Onderwijs in de proefdierkunde...............................................................................................8
Hoofdstuk 2: Wettelijke aspecten van dierproeven...........................................................................9
2.1 Internationale inbedding..........................................................................................................9
2.2 Definitie van een dierproef.......................................................................................................9
2.3 Het vergunningenstelsel...........................................................................................................9
2.4 Alternatieven............................................................................................................................9
2.5 Deskundigheid........................................................................................................................10
2.6 Huisvestiging, verzorging en verwerving.................................................................................10
2.7 De proefdierdeskundige.........................................................................................................10
2.8 Registratie...............................................................................................................................10
2.9 De centrale commissie dierproeven (CCD).............................................................................10
2.10 Dierexperimentencommissie (DEC)......................................................................................10
2.11 Toezicht VWA.......................................................................................................................11
2.12 Primaten...............................................................................................................................11
2.13 Codes of practice..................................................................................................................11
2.14 Andere wetgeving.................................................................................................................11
2.15 Maatschappelijke discussie en verenigingen........................................................................11
Hoofdstuk 3: Biologie en zoötechniek..............................................................................................12
3.1 Kleine zoogdieren...................................................................................................................12
3.2 Grote zoogdieren....................................................................................................................19
3.3 Vogels.....................................................................................................................................22
3.5 Amfibieën...............................................................................................................................25
3.6 Vissen......................................................................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 4: Gedrag, stress en welzijn.............................................................................................27
4.1 Basale mechanismen..............................................................................................................27
4.2 Wisselwerking tussen dier en omgeving.................................................................................28
4.3 Wisselwerking tussen omgeving en fysiologie........................................................................30
4.4 Functionele betekenis van fysiologische stressresponsen......................................................30
4.5 Stoornissen in de fysiologie....................................................................................................30
4.6 Welzijn....................................................................................................................................31
Hoofdstuk 5: Standaardisatie van dierproeven................................................................................32
5.1 Waarom standaardisatie?.......................................................................................................32
5.2 Standaardisatie en extrapolatie/ generalisatie.......................................................................32
, 5.3 Replicaties...............................................................................................................................32
5.4 Variatie binnen en tussen groepen.........................................................................................32
5.5 Dierproeven volgens het kwaliteitssysteem Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)........................33
5.6 Origineel protocol...................................................................................................................33
5.7 Geplande en onvoorziene afwijkingen van het protocol........................................................34
5.8 Beperkingen van standaardisatie............................................................................................34
Hoofdstuk 7: Genetische standaardisatie.........................................................................................35
7.1 Genetische uniformiteit..........................................................................................................35
7.2 Transgene dieren (transgenese en targeted gene transfer)...................................................37
7.3 Genetische variatie.................................................................................................................42
7.4 Genetische kwaliteitsbewaking..............................................................................................43
7.5 Genetische verwantschap van inteeltstammen......................................................................43
7.6 Cryopreservatie......................................................................................................................43
Hoofdstuk 8: Microbiologische standaardisatie...............................................................................44
8.1 Redenen voor microbiologisch kwaliteitsbeheerder bij proefdieren......................................44
8.2 Besmettingsbronnen en besmettingsroutes...........................................................................44
8.3 Microbiologische kwaliteiten..................................................................................................45
8.4 Barrière systemen...................................................................................................................46
8.5 Kwaliteitscontrole...................................................................................................................47
8.6 Vaccinaties en therapieën.......................................................................................................48
Hoofdstuk 1: Inleiding........................................................................................................................4
1.1 Proefdierkunde en dierproeven...............................................................................................4
1.2 Geschiedenis van het proefdiergebruik....................................................................................4
1.3 Proefdiergebruik en onderzoeksdoeleinden............................................................................5
1.4 De ‘’THREE Rs’’ Van Russell en Bruch.......................................................................................6
1.5 Onderwijs in de proefdierkunde...............................................................................................6
Hoofdstuk 2: Wettelijke aspecten van dierproeven...........................................................................7
2.1 Internationale inbedding..........................................................................................................7
2.2 Definitie van een dierproef.......................................................................................................7
2.3 Het vergunningenstelsel...........................................................................................................7
2.4 Alternatieven............................................................................................................................7
2.5 Deskundigheid..........................................................................................................................8
2.6 Huisvestiging, verzorging en verwerving..................................................................................8
2.7 De proefdierdeskundige...........................................................................................................8
2.8 Registratie.................................................................................................................................8
2.9 De centrale commissie dierproeven (CCD)...............................................................................8
, 2.10 Dierexperimentencommissie (DEC)........................................................................................8
2.11 Toezicht VWA.........................................................................................................................9
2.12 Primaten.................................................................................................................................9
2.13 Codes of practice....................................................................................................................9
2.14 Andere wetgeving...................................................................................................................9
2.15 Maatschappelijke discussie en verenigingen..........................................................................9
Hoofdstuk 3: Biologie en zoötechniek..............................................................................................10
3.1 Kleine zoogdieren...................................................................................................................10
3.2 Grote zoogdieren....................................................................................................................17
3.3 Vogels.....................................................................................................................................20
3.5 Amfibieën...............................................................................................................................23
3.6 Vissen.....................................................................................................................................23
Hoofdstuk 4: Gedrag, stress en welzijn............................................................................................25
4.1 Basale mechanismen..............................................................................................................25
4.2 Wisselwerking tussen dier en omgeving.................................................................................26
4.3 Wisselwerking tussen omgeving en fysiologie........................................................................28
4.4 Functionele betekenis van fysiologische stressresponsen......................................................28
4.5 Stoornissen in de fysiologie....................................................................................................28
4.6 Welzijn....................................................................................................................................29
Hoofdstuk 5: Standaardisatie van dierproeven................................................................................30
5.1 Waarom standaardisatie?.......................................................................................................30
5.2 Standaardisatie en extrapolatie/ generalisatie.......................................................................30
5.3 Replicaties..............................................................................................................................30
5.4 Variatie binnen en tussen groepen.........................................................................................30
5.5 Dierproeven volgens het kwaliteitsysteem Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)..........................31
5.6 Origineel protocol...................................................................................................................31
5.7 Geplande en onvoorziene afwijkingen van het protocol........................................................32
5.8 Beperkingen van standaardisatie............................................................................................32
Hoofdstuk 7: Genetische standaardisatie.........................................................................................33
7.1 Genetische uniformiteit..........................................................................................................33
7.2 Transgene dieren (transgenese en targeted gene transfer)...................................................35
7.3 Genetische variatie.................................................................................................................37
7.4 Genetische kwaliteitsbewaking..............................................................................................38
7.5 Genetische verwantschap van inteeltstammen......................................................................38
7.6 Cryopreservatie......................................................................................................................38
Hoofdstuk 8: Microbiologische standaardisatie...............................................................................39
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