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Lecture 1: Perception and motor (3.6 Neuropsychology) $3.23
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Lecture 1: Perception and motor (3.6 Neuropsychology)
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  • Course
  • Neuropsychology (FSWP3089K)
  • Institution
  • Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)

This summary contains all the information from the first lecture of the course neuropsychology. It is supplemented with pictures from the slides and extensive notes from the professor.

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Document information

  • April 6, 2021
  • 8
  • 2020/2021
  • Class notes
  • M. andreatta
  • All classes

Subjects

  • perception
  • motor system
  • psychology
  • neuropsychology
  • college1
  • lecture1
  • lecture notes
  • introduction to neuropsychology

Written for

  • Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)
  • Psychologie
  • Neuropsychology (FSWP3089K)
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HC1: Perception and motor control

Neurological damages
Brain damages has long provided insights to the relation between brain and behaviors
1. Vascular disorders (stroke)  sudden onset cerebrovascular events
a. Cerebral hemorrhage: bleeding in the brain
b. Cerebral ischemia: disruption of blood supply (thrombosis, embolism,
arteriosclerosis)
2. Tumors  a mass of cells, which grows independent of the rest of the body
3. Trauma  injuries of the brain (close- or open-head)
4. Epilepsy  excessive and abnormal pattern of activity in the brain, it induces a
transient loss of consciousness.
5. Degenerative disorders  entails the death of neurons, motor or cognitive difficulties
often noticed by family members

Anatomical organization
We can look at the brain of an animal (rat, dolphin) to
understand more of the brain of humans. You can see a lot of
differences  sulci and gyrus. However, as you can see is that
the organization or the structure can be quite conserved.
Because of this conservative structure we can use the brain in
animals to explore some mechanisms in the human brain.
 Rostral/anterior  parts of the body toward the nose
 Caudal/posterior  parts of the body toward the tail
 Dorsal  parts of the body pointing up from the back
 Ventral  parts of the body pointing down from the
belly
 Medial  structures close to the midline
 Lateral  structures far from the midline (so left or
right)
o Ipsilateral: structures on the same side of the body
o Contralateral: structures on the opposite side of the body

Anatomical nervous system:
central and peripheral
Central = brain and spinal cord
Peripheral = somatic nervous
system and autonomic nervous
system

, 1. Myelencephalon (or medulla) : connects the
brain with the spinal cord (blue)
2. Metencephalon (or hindbrain): consists of
pons and cerebellum, somatosensory
structure (lilac)
3. Mesencephalon (or midbrain): consists of
tegmentum, periaqueductal grey (PAG),
visuomotor structure
4. Diencephalon: consists of hypothalamus and
thalamus, referred as gateway to the cortex
5. Telencephalon: consists of the cerebral cortex
and sub-cortical structures (basal ganglia,
limbic system)




In the brain there are hollow spaces filled
with spinal fluid. So, the brain is floating in
our heads. Cerebrospinal fluid has the
crucial role of protecting our brain. In
simple words, the fluid work as a pillow for
our brain. In case we bust our head,
because of the floating, the brain isn’t
damaged that much. There are four
ventricles (hollow spaces). These are an
indirect measure  reduce the brain shock
caused by sudden movements of the head.

The other part of the nervous system is the spinal
cord. And it can be divided in four sections.

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