1. Centrale zenuwstelsel
- Bestaat uit neuronen (zenuwcellen) van hersenen + ruggenmerg
2. Perifere zenuwstelsel
- Bestaat uit zenuwen bundels uitlopers van neuronen
Donker= grijze stof
- Van cellichamen van neuronen
Licht= witte stof
- Myeline = witgele vetachtige stof
Hersenen + ruggenmerg zijn omgeven door 3 vliezen
- Tussen binnenste 2 hersenvliezen= hersenvloeistof beschermt tegen schokken +
afvoerroute afvalstoffen
Bloed-hersenbarrière= laat selectief stoffen door (actief transport)
Tight-junctions= verbinding tussen endotheelcellen van haarvaten
Astrocyten= gliacellen= steuncellen met veel uitlopers
Thalamus selecteert welke impulsen naar de hersenschors gaan
Alcohol
- Stimuleert dopamine geeft boodschappen van neuronen door
- GABA neurotransmitter, blijft langer aan zenuwcelremmende receptoren slaperig
Hersenstam
1. Middenhersenen= rol bij betrekking reflexen tot zien en horen
2. Pons= verbindt grote en kleine hersenen
- Tussenstation evenwichtszintuig en kleine hersenen
3. Verlengde merg= overgangsgebied hersenen naar ruggenmerg
- Zenuwbanen kruisen, regelcentra vitale functies
12 paar hersenzenuwen, 11 paar rond hoofd / hals behalve zwervende zenuw
- Verbindingen met verteringsklieren, hart en longen
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