Class notes
Étude du système nerveux
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Cours de neuro de l’ied paris 8
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L' étude du SNXVIe s :
les anatomistes commencent à s' intéresser au cerveau ( avant c'était
le cœur et le foie les
organes fondamentaux )
XIIIe s .
: Premières méthodes qui permettent une description anatomique microscopique
( coloration de
des structures nerveuses
Golgi )
LES METHODES LÉSIONNELLES
observait leurs
En recherche effectuait des lésions
,
on sur des animaux et on
changements
de comportement pour savoir quelles régions cérébrales étaient impliquées
Deux cas célèbres ont fait avancer la science :
le Phineas
-
cas
Gage ( 1848)
( 1861 ) Paul Broca récupère patient
le (M
borgne ) qui présente
"
Tan Le
"
-
cas :
un .
une
forme grave
d' abcès à la
jambe et ne prononce plus que la syllabe
le patient décède
jours plus tard mais Broca autopsie
"
Tan
"
5 son cerveau
,
.
et conclu
que
c'est la lésion du lobe frontale gauche qui est la cause
de la perte de parole et précise quelques mois plus tard cette zone
aujourd'hui appelée Aire de Broca ( seconde 3e circonvolution frontale !
ou
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