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Summary All ADMIN LAW IN ONE
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ADMINISTRATIVE LAW:Week 1: Introduction to Law
Date: 16 November 2020
Lecturer: Nadia Rusinova
Definition and scope of administrative law:
Administrative law: branch of public law which consists of those laws establishing and governing
public agencies and offices, rules which such agencies themselves make, the court rulings which keep
the agencies and their rules within limits, and the patterns of remedies to assist persons injured by such
agencies.
It focuses mainly on the manner and procedure of exercising power granted to administrative agencies.
Not concerned with the merits, but with the decision making process. Deals with the composition of
powers, duties, rights and responsibilities of the various governmental branches involved in public
administration
The aim of admin law is good government: government which act according to the law, including ideas
of openness, fairness, participation accountability, consistency, accessibility of judicial and non-judicial
grievance procedure rationality, legality and impartiality. Concerned individuals need to have the ability
to contest these rules and grievance procedures.
Scope of administrative law:
1. Control of administration
2. Legal rules from administrative agencies
3. Procedures to remedy legal injury courts decisions pertinent to all parts
4. Laws governing the administration
There are 2 theories to categorise the functions of admin law:
Red light theory: according to this theory the function of admin law is to control the excesses of state
power. And costs are centrally charged with securing good administration.
Green light theory: according to this theory the function of admin law is to facilitate the operation of the
state (simplify procedures, increase efficiency). And courts intervention is an obstacle to efficiency.
When talking about general principle of admin law, is to establish the government’s legal
validity/lawfulness of the action, check the law that give the power to the public officials to act. If these
law are declared invalid the actions taken by the public official, all the actions and people affected will be
reversed and remedied.
The main goal of admin Law is to establish a good government, it does so indirectly by providing
techniques to achieve a responsible government: a government that acts in the interests of the governed
and responds to the community’s duties of justice to visitors and to outsiders.
Which promotes general principles: Rules and principles for public administration across the whole
spectrum of public activity.
, Specific administrative principles: rules and principles specific to a certain area of public
administration.
System principles: are principles that govern parts of the system of governments, the main system
principles are:
1. Separation of powers: protects individual liberty by allocating particular governmental powers to
specific branches. In admin law some administrative power needs to be separated from the
government, in order to be able to hold them accountable.
2. Subsidiarity: promotes responsible government, it's a guide to allocating powers to institution that
can exercises power most responsibly. The powers need to be assigned to the right level.
3. Comity: Is the respect that the public authority ought to show to another public authority. It
constrains the court to imposing the rule of law on another public authority, they should do so with
the respect for them to do their job.
4. Rule of law- legality, due process and legal certainty: The core task of admin law is to impose the
rule of law on public authorities, to prevent arbitrary government actions and by securing the legal
right of person when having a complaint against a public authority.
Actors in administrative law:
1. National level: any governmental agencies/organisation with is charged with managing or
implementing regulations/laws/governmental policies. (Agencies of central government/local
authorities/various administrative organs)
2. EU level: the system in eu members states are subject to implementation processes: by
implementation of eu law by national courts or through the transposition of eu rules into national
legislation. (European Commission/EU agencies/Administrative organs of member states)
3. Global level: Actors that regulate social, economic and political life of states, this has lead to the
concept of global governance. (Public international organisations/regional IGO’s/international courts
and tribunals/transgovernmental networks)
Administrative powers:There are two types of way an administrative body gets their power:
1. The specific types of power the admin body has is attributed to them by legislature
2. There is also something called inherent power: powers derived because of the character of the
activity. (certain powers ought to belong inherently to the government, even in the absence of specific
authorisation) These type of powers aren’t laid down in any type of legislation.
All the administrative power is limited by:
• Restrictions are laid down in the statute that attributes the powers.
• Through general principles, such as: the administration shouldn’t be provided with power beyond what
is necessary for just and reasonable execution of duties that is dedicated to them.
The concept of non-arbitrariness:
The core task of administrative law is to impose the rule of law on public authorities. However a
government that is contrary to the rule of law can be seen as an arbitrary government.
The power of a public institution or official is arbitrary if a technique for control of the power by another
institution/person is needed but is lacking. This is exercised through the concept of checks and balances:
protects individual liberty by having each branch restrain the others.
A way that the judicial branch checks the executive branch (administrative) is through the concept of
habeas corpus: it requires the government to bring a prisoner before a judge and show good reason why
that person shouldn’t be released. (Boumediene v. Bush (2008))
Here the judicial branch provides protection against arbitrary administrative decisions, since it can
prevent unjust arrest/imprisonment.
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