Block 1.7: Problem 1. What Drives Them? , English Summary
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Course
1.7 Working Man
Institution
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR)
This summary includes elaborate and before exam corrected notes on block 1.7 Problem 1. The detail of the notes helps to get a better understanding of course . The grade obtained for the course was 8.5
Block 1.7 – Organizational Psychology
Problem 1. What drives them?
Motivation theories
Motivation: The cognitive decision- making process, through which social directed behaviors
initiated, energized, directed and maintained. (Alternatively, an internal state that leads to
engaging in specific behaviors.)
Drives: An innate, biological determinant of behavior activated by deprivation e.g.
curiosity, sense-making, order and meaning of situations, effectiveness or
competency and self-understanding.
Motives: A socially acquired need activated by the desire of fulfillment.
Definition of motivation:
Perspective 1: It can involve direction (choice of specific behaviors when other
possible behaviors are present, intensity (the amount of effort someone puts on a
certain task) and persistence
Perspective 2: Desire to acquire or achieve some goal and that derives form needs,
desires and wants of a person.
Explore motivation:
1. Content theories: Goals, what are the main goals/outcomes that motive of our
behavior?
2. Process theories: Decisions, why do we chose to pursue certain goals?
3. Job enrichment theories: Influence, how can we motivate someone to work harder?
Self- determination
Cognitive evaluation theory: Intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. (separate from SDT)
Intrinsic motivation (autonomous motivation): Valued outcomes or benefits that come from
the individual, such as feelings, satisfaction, competence, self-esteem and accomplishment.
→Self-determination behavior.
The most desirable outcome, especially autonomy
, Block 1.7 – Organizational Psychology
Problem 1. What drives them?
Extrinsic motivation (controlled motivation): Valued outcomes or benefits provided by
others such as promotion, pay increase, bigger office or desk, praise and recognition.
External regulation
Introjected regulation :person internalize external demands
Identified regulation :person accepting an external demand as being of personal
importance
Integrated regulation: person not only accepts external rewards as important but as
an expression of self (work is a big part of who I am)
Need theories
Content theories where motivation is deriving from people’s desires for certain things. They
are not that strongly supported any more.
Need
Hierarchy
Theory
(Maslow)
1st level: Physiological
needs
2nd level: Safety needs,
security, shelter
3rd level: Love needs,
love affection, affiliation
4th level: Esteem-needs,
self-respect, respect of
others.
5th level: Self-actualization, fulfilling personal goals and reaching one’s potential.
A need should be unmet to be motivating. In addition, there can be differences in every
individual and some could consider high-order needs as more important than low-level ones.
Person like a machine=automatic unconscious
Two-factory work
Motivation comes from the nature of the job itself and not from external rewards or job
conditions. Not valid but influential.
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