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HCLT101-1 Unit 2 Summary
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Computer Literacy (HCLT101-1) Unit 2 Summary, including text book, learning activities and lecture notes, in the form of questions and answers, as well as a table for definitions.
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HCLT101-1 UNIT 2 FLASHCARDS
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Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Define the concept ‘computer’.
Answer: A computer can be defined as an electronic device that has the ability to accept data, internally store data and automatically execute programs or instructions. It can perform mathematical, logical and manipulative operations on the data, and then report the results.
2.
A computer system is a combination of elements. Name these elements.
Answer: • Hardware • Software • Data / information • Procedures • People • Communications
3.
Describe hardware as an element of a computer system.
Answer: Hardware is the term used to describe the physical components of the computer. For example: Mouse, keyboard
4.
Describe software as an element of a computer system.
Answer: Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task. The software uses the hardware to perform functions.
5.
Describe data / information as an element of a computer system
Answer: Data consists of the facts and figures which are entered into a computer in order to be processed into information. The terms data and information are often used synonymously as information can be used as data. We use data to provide information. (Data gets processed into information.)
6.
Describe ‘procedures’ as an element of a computer
Answer: Procedures are descriptions and instructions of how things should be done. For example, system manuals.
7.
Describe the term ‘people’ as an element of a computer system.
Answer: People are the most important component of a computer system as they generate software and operate the computer.
8.
Name and describe the different types of people that form part of a computer syste
Answer: • Computer professional: This person has formal training or education in the technical aspects of using computers, for example network technicians and programmers • User (End-user): This is a person who uses computers to perform tasks. It is not necessary to be a computer professional in order to use a computer successfully
9.
Describe the term communications as an element of a computer system.
Answer: Communications is a term which describes the ability of one computer system to communicate with another computer system. This can be done through networking computers together.
10.
Name and describe the functions of a computer.
Answer: • Storing: All data that is entered into a computer can be saved and stored for future use. The process of entering data is referred to as input. • Retrieving: Any stored information can be retrieved and used again • Displaying: Data and information can be displayed on the monitor. This is referred to as output. • Editing: Once information has been retrieved, it can be modified, or changed. This includes adding or removing data. • Printing: Completed work can be printed out (Output) • Sending and receiving: Documents and information can be sent to other computers via modems or networks.
Content preview
HCLT101-1: UNIT 2What guidelines should be followed when starting a PC?
• Ensure that the power plug is switched on at the wall.
• Ensure that the monitor is switched on.
• Turn on the printer and any other attached devices. Allow a few seconds for these devices to warm up.
• Turn on the system last.
• Never use the wall plug switch to power a PC and its attachments all at once.
Describe the procedure known as the power on self-test (POST)
• Series of short tests that ensures that the internal chips and boards are functioning, and that the
keyboard, mouse and monitor are attached and working.
• While this test is in progress, the screen displays a series of messages which show what function the
system is currently performing.
• When the operating system has completed setup and loading, the Windows start screen will be
displayed or, if your computer is connected to a network, you will be prompted for your username and
password.
What guidelines should be followed when turning off a PC?
• Never switch off a computer without going through the correct shutdown procedure.
• Ensure that all data and information that you created or worked on has been saved.
• Exit all open programs using the correct procedures.
• Only switch off the computer at the end of a working day.
o It is bad for the computer system too switch it on and off too often.
How and why would a user restart a PC?
• You reboot a computer when a new program has been installed or when system settings have
changed.
• The restart option can be used to restart the PC. It can be located on the power button on the
Windows Start Screen.
Name and describe the different functions of the Windows power button.
• Shut Down: Saves any Windows settings that you have changed and writes any information that is
currently stored in memory to the hard disc. A message will be displayed when the computer is ready
to be switched off.
• Restart: Saves any Windows setting that you have changed and writes any information that is currently
stored in memory to the hard disc and then restarts the system
• Sleep: The computer is placed in a low power state, while the user’s session is still running. The user
can resume the session by clicking on the keyboard or clicking on the mouse button.
, Occasionally, you may find that your PC has locked up and will not respond to the keyboard or
the mouse. This is sometimes referred to as ‘hanging’. Looking at the following scenarios, what
guidelines can be followed can help a user to restart the computer?
One program is locked up while others seem to be working.
• Windows is a multitasking program, meaning that is it able to control multiple different programs at
the same time.
• If one application freezes, it will not necessarily affect the others. To close a single, frozen application,
the following steps need to be followed:
o Press Ctrl + Alt + Delete.
o Click on Task Manager. This will display the Windows Task Manager dialogue box which displays
a list of open applications.
o Highlight the relevant program (the one marked ‘not responding’)
o Then right click on the task and choose End Task, this will close the selected application.
Everything is frozen, including the Start button.
• Sometimes one frozen application can cause other applications to freeze.
• Close each program using the task manager or:
• Use the Ctrl + Alt + Delete button and click on the Power button on the bottom right-hand side of the
screen and click on Shut Down.
The computer does not respond to Ctrl + Alt + Delete.
• If there is no response from the computer, the Reset button on the system unit can be used.
• This should be a last resort action, as any unsaved data will be lost, and you may need to run certain
utilities before you can continue working on the PC.
• When using a Laptop, you need to keep the power button pressed to shut down the system.
What guidelines should be followed to avoid damage being done to PC monitors?
• The screen can be wiped with a lint-free rag / special screen cleaning wipe. Household window-
cleaning product can be applied to the cloth and then the screen. If the area where the monitor stands
is very dusty, cover the monitor when not in use.
• The electrical component inside the monitor are volatile so avoid spraying any substance over the
monitor, as to avoid moisture getting into the electrical parts.
• Ensure that speakers near the monitor are shielded to avoid electric static between the monitor and
the speaker.
• Monitors generate heat so make sure the air vents are never covered.
What guidelines can be followed when a mouse starts moving erratically or not responding?
• Keep the mouse pad clean and dust free.
• Ensure that your hands are always clean.
• The optical mouse can be cleaned.
• If the mouse still malfunctions, then it is probably time to get a new one.
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