Core Module International Relations Second Year (IR) - Complete summary (Quiz 3)
247 views 32 purchases
Course
International Relations Core Module (73220031LY)
Institution
Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)
This document provides a complete summary lectures 13-17 of the core module International relations. It includes all readings and lecture content for the third IR quiz.
Lecture 13: Development politics (basic recap) 2
O’Brien and Williams - Chapter 11 (Economic development) 5
Brautigam 2018 US Politicians get China in Africa all wrong: 16
Lecture 14: Legacies of colonialism and slavery 17
Mamdani 1996 chapter 24
Adichie 2009: The Danger of a single story 32
Lecture 15: Trade, development and value chains 32
Yujia 2019: Is There a New International Trade Order? 40
World bank 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains 47
Lecture 16: Sustainable Development Goals 54
Stuart and Woodroffe 2016: Leaving no-one behind 54
Caballero 2019: 55
Lecture 17: Civil society as a channel towards development 55
Brass et al 2018 55
Dupuy et al 2017 55
,Lecture 13: Development politics (basic recap)
Focus:
● Prominent actors in post WW2
● Prominent countries
● Prominent ideas on how to develop
● Different ways of addressing “problems” in international order hindering development
● Variation in “development policy formulas”:
○ State vs non-state oriented
○ Export vs domestic oriented
○ Industry vs agriculture vs finance/services oriented
Stage I:
● Ca. 1945-1955
● Post-War US-supported reconstruction in Europe and N-A (Northern American) →
Fordist-oriented industrialization
○ The reconstruction is promoted by interstate cooperation and investment
○ Important factor was the Marshall plan → money and materials moving to
Europe to reconstruct the economies
● Decolonization and focus on former colonial commodities → Asian and Africa
○ Recent post colonial countries still focus on colonist commodities to promote
economic growth
● Evolution Cold War leading to political alliances between developed and developing
countries
○ Cold war powers start to influence states
○ Development policies become tainted from ideological disagreements between
ideological powers
■ So American → liberal markets
■ Or Russian → State led socialism
○ So development policies largely influenced by the cold war
● Declining terms of trade
○ Prices of exports fall and imports rise → Exports of raw and imports of
manufactured goods
○ So new development policies to remedy this
,Stage II
● Ca. 1955-1970
● Expansion of industrial Fordist capitalism N-A and Europe
○ Expansion state (welfare state) → governments more responsible for citizens
○ Government institutions built and developed to take care of their citizens
● ‘Import Substitution Industrialization’ experiment in Latin America and Africa
○ Based on declining trade
○ Solutions:
■ Protect emerging industries
■ Industry over agriculture
● OECD donors and development cooperation
● Little spill-over of industrial revenues to other parts of economy
Stage III
● Ca. 1970-1980 → turbulent events and trends take turns
● Debt-led, income and redistribution focused growth in many developing economies
● International Labor Organization; OECD donors; World Bank during McNamara era
○ Development should not only be about national aggregate measurements of
whether economies are advancing
○ Increasing consensus about development being about individual and community
level measurements → are communities growing economically
● Stalling growth in N-A and Europe
○ US → President Nixon making moves in economic and monetary policies
■ Showing that the US is not willing to rule the world with the common
world order interest in mind
■ His moves mean that the US dollar is no longer the world stability
currency → Bretton Woods compromise is dead
● Oil crisis; Eurodollars
○ Oil exporting economy governments challenge Europe and US
○ Showing their economic force to increase and decrease the prices of energy in
which European and American economies rely on
● G77 resist super-power dominance
○ Post colonial countries are successful in aligning with each other which signal to
cold war powers that they need to be recognised as significant powers
○ Post colonial countries invest in organisational forms where they can demand a
new economic world order where their interests are taken first rather than the
USSR and US interests.
, Stage IV:
● CA. 1980-1990s
● Europe and North America focus on curbing government spending (lowering debt and
enabling matters to stimulate growth)
● Neoliberalism takes hold and structural adjustment
○ Possibilities to privatise former government institutions
○ Quite a turn in thinking of development
○ Structural adjustment → adjusts to a more liberal form
● Acceleration of globalisation and manufacturing
○ Significance of rounds of liberalisation of trade (agreed upon by a community of
states)
○ GATT
○ Neoliberal ideas that inspire domestically and internationally → global economic
structures that emphasis on growth through globalisation
● Paradoxical decade:
○ Focus on balanced government account
○ Privatise public sector and liberalise markets
○ Washington Consensus?IMF and World Bank
○ Relevance of Southeast Asia: Japan (export-oriented growth which shares with
the Washington consensus models and also involves a lot of state coordination
and involvement to stimulate growth), Asian tigers, NICs
■ Becomes very prominent in Southeast Asia
■ Other countries inspired (e.g. Ghana) inspired by the Asian tigers
Stage V:
● 1990-2005
● Finance and ICT-led growth in North America, Europe, and Asia
● Two trends:
○ Good governance as developmental paradigm (crucial for development)
○ A state with certain features matters (like dealing with accountability, corruption
and lack of transparency with businesses)
○ Promoting independent institutions, accountable public administration
○ Civil Society Organizations as channels of developmental efforts
■ Pushed forward by World Bank, OECD
Present Era?
● Really difficult to point it down with what is relevant
● Rising powers (rising power economy): China, Brazil, and India → competition in
development assistance donorship
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller bapolisci. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.72. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
