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Animal Diversity (Part 3) LectureTextbook Reference: Chapter 44 in Biology How Life Works (2nd ed.)
Section 44.3 and 44.5; pp.963 to 972
Required reading: pp. 963 (starting at Deuterstomes include..) to 966
Deuterostome Tree
• Based on:
Shared features of larval development
Strongly supported by molecular sequence
data
• Deuterostome tree includes three major phyla:
Echinodermata (sea urchins)
Hemichordata (acorn worms)
Chordata (vertebrates and invertebrate
chordates)
Echinoderms Are Deuterostomes:
• Although they may seem to have little in common with phylum Chordata (which
includes the vertebrates) they share deuterostome characteristics:
A cranium that protects a well-developed brain
Pair of eyes
Distinctive mouth for food capture and ingestion
Internal skeleton commonly mineralized by calcium phosphate
1
, Deuterostome diversity:
Phylum Description/Characteristics
Echinodermata - Sea urchins and sea stars
What about echinoderm symmetry? Why are they bilaterians when they look radially
symmetrical?
Hemichordata -sister group to echinoderms
Acorn worms - About 75 species of wormlike
animals that move through
seafloor sediments in search of
food particles
Pterobranchs - Consists of about a dozen
species of animals that attach to
the seafloor and use tentacles to
filter food from seawater
Phylum Chordata
• The other great branch of the deuterostome tree is the
chordates
• Within the phylum Chordata, there are three subphyla:
Cephalochordates
Tunicates
Vertebrates
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