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Process of Research
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Describes the process one needs to take for carrying out a research. It lays down different kinds of research, methods and guideline one needs to follow.
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Project Initiation & Career ManagementLecture 2
Science and the process of Research
, What is Science?
“Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and
understanding of the natural and social world following a
systematic methodology based on evidence”
Scientific methodology includes the following:
• Objective observation: Measurement and data (possibly although not necessarily using mathematics
as a tool)
• Evidence
• Experiment and/or observation as benchmarks for testing hypotheses
• Induction: reasoning to establish general rules or conclusions drawn from facts or examples
• Repetition
• Critical analysis
• Verification and testing: critical exposure to scrutiny, peer review and assessment
UK Science Council definition
PICAR Lecture 2
2020/21
, Science is not perfect
• Scientific knowledge is always ‘provisional’ rather than
‘absolute’
• However even provisional knowledge can be of huge
practical significance and importance.
• Good science is ‘humble’ and recognizes this.
• However, many who are ‘anti-science’ are not and refuse to
believe and evidence to the contrary.
PICAR Lecture 2
2020/21
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