Summary
Summary of Chemistry of a Cell
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Summary of Chemistry of a Cell, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids etc
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Seller
Follow
angliques
Content preview
Carbohydrates (1:2:1) Energy source + provides structural support
Sugars are among the most important energy storage molecules
Simplest of carbohydrates = monosaccharides (single sugar) Because carbohydrates contain many
- Simple sugars contain as few as 3 Carbons C-H bonds, which release energy when
oxidation occurs.
Sugars that play a central role in energy storage have 6
Carbons
When 6 carbon sugars are dissolved in water, they form rings.
Glucose – most important 6 carbon sugar for energy storage.
Orientation of the Carbonyl group (C=O) depends whether the closed ring is:
- Alpha glucose α ( af the C=O is at the bottom )
- Beta glucose β ( bo the C=O is at the top )
Disaccharides = 2 sugars
- Serve as transport molecules in plants
- Provides nutrition in animals
- Serve as effective reservoirs of glucose because thee enzymes that normally use glucose in
the organism cannot break the bond linking the two monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
- Provide energy storage + structural components
- Made up of monomers linked together by dehydration reactions (glycosidic bonds)
- Starch = a storage polysaccharide consists of long α-glucose molecules chains linked
- Cellulose = structural polysaccharide consists of β-glucose molecules linked in chains
Starches & Glycogen
- Maltose are linked together into the insoluble polysaccharide called starch
- Amylose = starch with simplest structures
composed of hundreds of α-glucose molecules in a long, unbranched chain
- Starch = composed of amylose + amylopectin
Pectin = branched polysaccharides
In plants with branches occurring due to
α (1 – 6) linkages
- Glycogen = contains branched amylose chains
In animals The branches
- Glycogen has a much longer average chain than starch formed are
insoluble
, Cellulose
- Serve as structural material for cells
- A polymer of β-glucose
- β (1 - 4) linkages
- Cellulose is unbranched and forms long fibers
Cellulose fibers can be very strong and are quite resistant to metabolic breakdown
Chitin
- Structural material found in arthropods and many fungi
- A polymer of N – acetylglycosamine ( a nitrogen-containing derivative of glucose)
- When cross linked by proteins, it forms a tough, resistant surface material that serves as the
hard exoskeleton of insects and crustaceans
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller angliques. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.09. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83100 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now