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Samenvatting Opleidings- & Werkveldoriëntatie
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Samenvatting Opleidings- & Werkveldoriëntatie deel hulpverleningslandschap hoofdstuk 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 8
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OPLEIDINGS- &WERKVELDORIËNTATIE
Hulpverleningslandschap
Samenvatting
Hoofdstuk 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 8
,Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: welzijn in de verzorgingsstaat........................................................................5
De welvaartsstaat.........................................................................................................................5
Kenmerken vann de welvaartstaat..................................................................................................................5
Historiek...........................................................................................................................................................5
Nieuwe sociale kwestie en de risicosamenleving............................................................................................6
Belgische welvaartsstaat is niet-staats en heeft verzuild middenveld............................................................6
Welzijn, welzijnsbeleid, welzijnszorg, welzijnszorg-beleid.............................................................7
Uitdagingen...................................................................................................................................8
Preventie, echelonnering en zorgmilieus........................................................................................................8
Hoofdstuk 2: Sociale zekerheid..........................................................................................11
Situering: historiek......................................................................................................................11
Organisatie van de sociale zekerheid...........................................................................................11
Sociale bescherming......................................................................................................................................12
Sociale verzekeringen....................................................................................................................................12
Sociale bijstand..............................................................................................................................................12
Sociale zekerheid: welke instellingen?..........................................................................................................13
Sociale zekerheid: welke bijdrage?................................................................................................................14
Principes sociale zekerheid..........................................................................................................15
Soorten solidariteit........................................................................................................................................15
Types sociale zekerheid...............................................................................................................15
Vlaamse sociale bescherming......................................................................................................16
Doeltreffendheid van de sociale zekerheid..................................................................................16
Armoede en bestaansonzekerheid................................................................................................................16
Mattheüseffect..............................................................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 3: Welzijnszorg.................................................................................................18
Inleiding welzijnszorg..................................................................................................................18
Organisatoren................................................................................................................................................18
Vlaams of federaal?.......................................................................................................................................18
Verschillende sectoren binnen welzijnszorg.................................................................................................18
Integrale jeugdhulp.....................................................................................................................18
Van hulp in verschillende sectoren naar integrale jeugdhulp.......................................................................18
Doelen integrale jeugdhulp...........................................................................................................................19
Overzicht jeugdhulp.......................................................................................................................................19
Brede instap en rechtstreeks toegankelijke jeugdhulp (RTJ)........................................................................19
Niet-rechtstreeks toegankelijke jeugdhulp (NRTH) via de intersectorale toegangspoort............................19
Visueel overzicht............................................................................................................................................20
Crisisjeugdhulp...............................................................................................................................................21
Jeugdhulp in verontrustende situaties (VOS)................................................................................................21
Gerechtelijke of gedwongen jeugdhulp........................................................................................................22
Historiek visie op jongeren (niet kennen).....................................................................................................22
Bemiddeling zorgt voor continuïteit in de hulp.............................................................................................23
Voortgezetten hulpverlening.........................................................................................................................23
Welke soorten hulp kan een minderjarige krijgen........................................................................................23
Flexibele hulpverlening..................................................................................................................................24
Aandacht voor de rechten van minderjarigen in IJH.....................................................................................25
1
, OCMW: Openbaar Centrum voor Maatschappelijk Welzijn.........................................................25
Inleiding: het OCMW.....................................................................................................................................25
OCMW als lokaal bestuur..............................................................................................................................25
OCMW als openbaar bestuur........................................................................................................................25
Opdrachten van het OCMW..........................................................................................................................25
Actuele tendensen.........................................................................................................................................27
Algemeen welzijnswerk (AWW)..................................................................................................27
Kenmerken algemeen welzijnswerk..............................................................................................................28
Werkingsprincipes.........................................................................................................................................28
Centrum algemeen welzijnswerk (CAW).......................................................................................................28
Centra voor Tele-onthaal...............................................................................................................................29
Actuele tendensen.........................................................................................................................................30
Thuis – en ouderenzorg...............................................................................................................30
Thuiszorgvoorzieningen.................................................................................................................................30
Ouderenzorgvoorzieningen...........................................................................................................................30
Woonzorglijn..................................................................................................................................................31
Expertisecentra dementie.............................................................................................................................31
Actuele tendensen: uitdagingen woonzorgbeleid........................................................................................31
Gezinsondersteuning...................................................................................................................32
Kind & gezin...................................................................................................................................................32
Preventieve ondersteuning...........................................................................................................................32
Adoptie..........................................................................................................................................................33
Kinderopvang.................................................................................................................................................33
Actuele tendensen gezinszorg.......................................................................................................................33
Ondersteuning van personen met een handicap (VAPH).............................................................34
Vlaams Agentschap voor Personen met een Handicap (VAPH)....................................................................34
Dienst Ondersteuningsplan (DOP).................................................................................................................34
Rechtstreeks toegankelijke hulp....................................................................................................................35
Niet-rechtstreeks toegankelijke hulp............................................................................................................35
Flexibel aanbod meerderjarigen (FAM).........................................................................................................36
Zorg in natura................................................................................................................................................36
Individuele materiele bijstand (IMB) nu “tegemoetkoming hulpmiddelen/ aanpassingen” .......................36
Persoonlijk assistentiebudget (PAB) nu persoonlijk assistent via erkende zorgaanbieder ..........................37
Vrijetijdsbesteding en andere dienstverlening..............................................................................................37
Persoonsvolgende financiering.....................................................................................................................37
Actuele tendensen.........................................................................................................................................38
Justitiehuizen & sociale diensten bij politie.................................................................................38
Justitiehuizen.................................................................................................................................................39
Sociale diensten bij de lokale politie.............................................................................................................40
Etnisch-culturele minderheden...................................................................................................40
Historiek beleid tav immigranten..................................................................................................................40
Integratie/ inburgering..................................................................................................................................40
Integratiebeleid.............................................................................................................................................41
Inburgeringsbeleid.........................................................................................................................................41
Inburgeringstraject........................................................................................................................................41
Asielprocedure...............................................................................................................................................42
Opvangstructuren..........................................................................................................................................43
Organisaties...................................................................................................................................................43
Traject en opvang van niet-begeleide buitenlandse minderjarige (NBBM)..................................................44
Actuele tendensen.........................................................................................................................................44
Stellingen.......................................................................................................................................................44
Hoofdstuk 4: Gezondheidszorg..........................................................................................46
2
, Inleiding......................................................................................................................................46
Gezondheidszorg...........................................................................................................................................46
Organisatie gezondheidszorg........................................................................................................................46
Actoren.......................................................................................................................................46
RIZIV...............................................................................................................................................................46
Verzekeringsinstellingen................................................................................................................................47
Toegankelijke en betaalbare gezondheidszorg dankzij:................................................................................47
Koepelorganisaties in de gezondheidszorg...................................................................................................48
Structuur gezondheidszorg..........................................................................................................48
Preventieve gezindheidszorg.........................................................................................................................48
Curatieve gezondheidszorg...........................................................................................................................49
Geestelijke gezondheidszorg.........................................................................................................................50
Hulpverlening aan personen met middelenafhankelijkheid.........................................................................52
Advies- en ondersteuningsstructuren..........................................................................................54
Actuele tendenzen......................................................................................................................55
Hoofdstuk 5: Onderwijs en leren........................................................................................56
Onderwijs in Vlaanderen.............................................................................................................56
Algemene principes.....................................................................................................................57
Deeltijdse leerplicht; verschillende vormen..................................................................................................57
Onderwijsniveaus........................................................................................................................58
Basisonderwijs...............................................................................................................................................58
Secundair onderwijs......................................................................................................................................58
Arbeidsmarktgerichte opleidingen na SO (hoger beroepsonderwijs)...........................................................58
Hoger onderwijs.............................................................................................................................................58
Democratisering onderwijs vandaag?...........................................................................................................59
Buitengewoon onderwijs...............................................................................................................................59
Levenslang leren............................................................................................................................................60
Zorgbeleid in het onderwijs.........................................................................................................60
OKAN...........................................................................................................................................61
Centrum voor leerlingenbegeleiding (CLB)..................................................................................61
Permanent/ tijdelijk onderwijs aan huis......................................................................................61
Hoofdstuk 8: Werk............................................................................................................63
Inleiding......................................................................................................................................63
Instituties op de arbeidsmarkt....................................................................................................63
VDAB..............................................................................................................................................................63
Interimbureaus/ uitzendkantoren.................................................................................................................64
Werving- en selectiekantoren.......................................................................................................................64
Outplacement-bureaus..................................................................................................................................64
Jobcoaching...................................................................................................................................................64
Sociale secretariaten.....................................................................................................................................64
Middenstandopleidingen...............................................................................................................................64
Andere aanbieders van vorming...................................................................................................................65
Sociale economie........................................................................................................................65
Types..............................................................................................................................................................65
Samengevat...................................................................................................................................................66
Diensten in een organisatie.........................................................................................................66
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