In dit document vind je een volledige samenvatting van heel jaar 1 en heel jaar 2 van het van Dysfagie. Deze aantekeningen zijn afkomstig van de Hogeschool Rotterdam.
,Inhoud
Jaar 1......................................................................................................................................................2
Fases slikken.......................................................................................................................................2
Neurologische achtergrond................................................................................................................4
Hersenzenuwen betrokken bij slikbewegingen..................................................................................4
Belangrijke aspecten van normaal slikken volgens de richtlijn Orofaryngeale dysfagie.....................4
Definitie dysfagie....................................................................................................................................4
Belangrijke begrippen.........................................................................................................................5
slikstoornis in de voorbereidende of pre-orale fase...............................................................................6
slikstoornis in de orale transportfase.....................................................................................................6
slikstoornis in de faryngeale fase............................................................................................................6
slikstoornis in de oesofageale fase.........................................................................................................6
gevolgen van slikstoornissen..................................................................................................................6
Slikscreening...........................................................................................................................................7
verschil slikscreening - slikonderzoek.....................................................................................................7
Instrumenteel diagnostisch onderzoek..................................................................................................7
Penetratie Aspiratie Schaal.....................................................................................................................7
FOIS (functionele orale intakeschaal) Outcome-schaal activiteitniveau.................................................8
AUS-TOM Outcome-schaal stoornisniveau.............................................................................................8
Jaar 2......................................................................................................................................................8
Classificaties van slikstoornissen............................................................................................................8
Logopedische behandelmogelijkheden per fase....................................................................................9
compensatie.........................................................................................................................................10
Actief of passief....................................................................................................................................10
motorisch leren....................................................................................................................................13
Principes van neurale en musculaire plasticiteit...................................................................................13
Aanpassingen.......................................................................................................................................14
Classificaties van consistenties............................................................................................................14
Normale veroudering en slikken (presbyfagie).....................................................................................14
oorzaken van slikstoornissen................................................................................................................14
Neuromusculaire oorzaak; syndroom van Wallenberg/ locked-it syndroom.......................................15
neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen.....................................................................................................15
Atypische parkinsonismen....................................................................................................................16
➢ multisysteem atrofie (MSA):.............................................................................................................16
➢progressieve supranucleaire paralyse (PSP):.....................................................................................16
1
, Ziekte van Huntington (HD)..................................................................................................................17
Multiple Sclerose..................................................................................................................................18
Amyotrofe Lateraal Sclerose................................................................................................................18
Jaar 1
Fases slikken
Fase 1: Orale voorbereidende fase ( willekeurig en bewust):
1. Afhappen.
2. kauwen.
3. tong verzamelt voeding.
4. tong houdt voeding tegen gehemelte.
Fase 2: Orale transportfase (Willekeurig en bewust). Bolusvorming, tong duwt voedsel naar keelholte en
slik wordt ingezet.
• van mondholte naar orofarynx
2
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