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Summary MD2Assign1.docx MD2Assign Walden University Clinical Preventative Services A. Brief Introductory Paragraph Public health policy is a fundamental tool that can be used to assist communities in the task of protecting people from threats to health, p$7.49
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Summary MD2Assign1.docx MD2Assign Walden University Clinical Preventative Services A. Brief Introductory Paragraph Public health policy is a fundamental tool that can be used to assist communities in the task of protecting people from threats to health, p
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MD2A MD2Assign Walden University Clinical Preventative Services A. Brief Introductory Paragraph Public health policy is a fundamental tool that can be used to assist communities in the task of protecting people from threats to health, preventing disease, and striving for overall healthy pop...
md2assign1docx md2assign walden university clinical preventative services a brief introductory paragraph public health policy is a fundamental tool that can be used to assist communities in
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Walden University
Clinical Preventative Services
A. Brief Introductory Paragraph
Public health policy is a fundamental tool that can be used to assist communities in the task
of protecting people from threats to health, preventing disease, and striving for overall healthy
populations. Health care policy and promotion should encompass both an evidential system and
an ethical system. These have been fundamental in the shaping of behaviors of individuals in
industries, the practice of health care, the environment in which we live and work, and also to
achieving both every day and landmark public health improvements (Wilensky & Teitelbaum,
2020). It is imperative to integrate evidence and ethics in health promotion in order to properly
fulfill public health effectively.
B. Motor Vehicle Occupant Restraints - Counseling
Motor vehicle related injuries are the leading cause of death among children, adolescents,
and young children 3-33 years old. They are the leading cause of death in many other age groups
as well and although it has been proven that wearing a seatbelt and having occupants restrained
properly while traveling reduces the likelihood of injury if a motor vehicle collision occurs,
many individuals still do not abide by this practice (Williams, 2007). It is important to note that
children younger than 9 years old need to have age and weight appropriate child safety seats or
belt positioning booster seats and children under 13 years should ride in the rear of the vehicle
(Williams, 2007). It is important that patients, parents, and their communities are aware of the
proper restraint use. For this reason, it is imperative for primary care physicians to counsel
patients on the proper use of motor vehicle occupant restraints. It was noted in the Guide to
Clinical Preventative Services that there is much evidence that community and public
interventions, including legislation, law enforcement campaigns, car seat distribution campaigns,
, media campaigns, and other community-based interventions are effective in improving the
proper use of vehicle restraints, including, car seats, booster seats, and seat belts (AHRQ, 2014).
Primary care counseling may add great value to the community and population as it serves to
lessen the rate of fatal injuries in motor vehicle collisions. Increasing the use of occupant
restraint devices, for example child safety seats and lap/shoulder safety belts, is one of the
important behavioral methods to reduce motor vehicle related fatalities. It was found that 5839
lives could be saved if 100% of occupants used their restraints (Williams, 2007). In addition to
lessoning the mortality rate in motor vehicle related collisions, providing counsel on the proper
use of restraints would also serve as a way to save on total societal costs. In 2000, motor vehicle
crashes were estimated to have cost $230 billion, representing $820 dollars for every man,
woman and child in the US (Williams, 2007). In the same year, the total cost to society were
$50 billion from alcohol related crashes and $26 million from safety belt non-use (Williams,
2007). Lastly, in 2000, $32 billion was spent on medical care to treat injuries caused by motor
vehicle crashes. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety administration, it has called
for hospital-based programs for child passenger safety education in hospital discharge planning
to include all health care team members. Despite these recommendations, prior studies indicate
injury prevention counseling by medical staff is varied in implemented inconsistently (Aalto et.
al, 2020).
Regulation by states plays a large role in increasing occupant restraint use. While all 50 states
have laws requiring safety seats for infants and children large variations exist in the legislation. It
is important to note that 34 states allow for children to travel unrestrained for circumstances such
as nursing mothers, non-state residence, and overcrowding in vehicles (Williams, 2007). It has
been found that when used correctly child safety seats reduce risk of fatal injury by over 70%
and risk of hospital hospitalization by 67% for infants up to one year old. Furthermore, they
reduce fatality risk by 54% for children one to four years old. Misuse of safety seats, which has
been reported as 80% or higher, can partially or completely nullify this effect (Williams,
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