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Samenvatting infectie en afweer: partim histologie
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Complete samenvatting van partim histologie van infectie en afweer, 1e bach thk.
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Histologie vh verdedigingssysteem of immuunstelsel (1)1. Inleiding
A. Vrij oppervlak
Hoornlaag (huid)
Lysozyme (speeksel)
pH (vagina)
Mucus (luchtwegen)
B. Niet-specifieke cellulaire reacties
Als 1e barrière doorbroken is
o Fagocytose bacteriën (macrofagen en WBC)
o Antivirale stoffen (interferonen)
Innate immunity (aangeboren)
C. Specifiek immuunsysteem
Humorale immuniteit
o B-lymfocyten => Ig
Cellulaire immuniteit
o T-lymfo, door antigenen gestimuleerd
Samen adaptive immunity (verworven)
Lymfocyten in netwerk v reticulair bindweefsel
o Reticulumcellen
o Reticulinevezels
Uitz: Thymus – tss epitheliale reticulaire cellen
Primair lymfoïde organen
o Beenmerg
- B-lymfo (Bursa v Fabricius bij vogels)
o Thymus
- T-lymfo
, 2. Primair lymfoïde organen
2.1 Beenmerg
Bloedvormend + primair lymfoïd orgaan
Gemeenschappelijke pluripotente stamcel: ontstaan lymf, meyel en megakaryo progenitorcel
Multipotente stamcellen: myeloïde, erythroïde/megakaryocyte en lymfoïde progenitorcellen
Myeloïde en erythroïde/megakaryocyte elementen
o Granulocyten, monocyten, erythrocyten, megakaryocyten (bloedplaatjes)
- Afname celvolume, wijziging kern/cytoplasmaverh, toename heterochromatine
o Volledige ontw in beenmerg
Lymfoïde elementen
o Diff tot T-lymfo in thymus
- Antigen onafh deling en diff tot T en B in prim lymfoïde organen
- Antigen afh deling: secundair lymfoïde (milt, lymfeknopen, lymfo-epitheliale
organen)
o BCR= B cell receptor / TCR = Tcell receptor
- T cell heeft APC nodig (antigeen pres cell)
- B cell kan direct antigen herkennen
Rode beenmerg
o Hematopoietisch actief
o Stroma: losse reticulumcellen en vezels
o 80-90% hematopoietische cellen
- Veel meer WBC dan RBC (door lange levensduur RBC)
o 10-20% reticulum-, vet- en plasmacellen (rijpe B), osteoblasten en osteoclasten
o Bloedvaten (sinusoïden)
Gele beenmerg
o Vnl vetcellen
o Bij volwassene: rood beenmerg enkel nog in platte beenderen (schedel, sternum,…)
Grote roze vlek: megakaryocyt
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