Volledige, gedetailleerde samenvatting van het vak 'Inleiding tot de Macro economie', gedoceerd door Luc Hens aan de VUB. Dit bevat zowel alle hoofdstukken behandeld uit het handboek (nieuwste versie), dit volledig vertaalt in het Nederlands. Vervolgens ook alle te kennen begrippen met definitie, d...
Summary Introduction to Macroeconomics: Business Economics BA1- VUB
Summary Introduction to Microeconomics
Principles of Economics AMSIB
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Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)
Schakel Bedrijfskunde
Inleiding Tot De Macro-economie (003451)
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By: insd • 1 year ago
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In short, this summary is a translation of the book Mankiw & Taylor, but simply in Dutch, with some extra information. I highly recommend it if you would like to supplement your notes with more information. And since it's in Dutch, you can get through it faster. But I wouldn't really learn from it, because there's far too much in it that you shouldn't know so much and everything is just in detail.
By: CedricD • 2 year ago
By: wannesvanstrythem • 3 year ago
By: logi1993 • 3 year ago
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Comprehensive summary with multiple correct definitions, read/learns smoothly so highly recommended
By: elysevandersande • 3 year ago
Hi! Thank you so much for this kind review. Glad I could help you out
By: logi1993 • 3 year ago
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Day, Elyse,
Done with great pleasure! If you make a summary for Corporate Law, please let us know!
Greetings,
Sheene
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Samenvatting Macro economie
Inhoudsopgave
1 H1: Wat is economie?..........................................................................................................................8
1.1 Begrippen.....................................................................................................................................8
1.2 Het economisch probleem............................................................................................................9
1.3 Schaarste en keuzes......................................................................................................................9
1.4 1O principes van economie..........................................................................................................9
2 H2: Denken als een econoom............................................................................................................11
2.1 Economische methodologie.......................................................................................................11
2.1.1 De economie als wetenschap..............................................................................................11
2.1.2 Modellen..............................................................................................................................11
2.1.3 Types redenering.................................................................................................................13
2.1.4 Experimenten in economie..................................................................................................13
2.1.5 Theorieën.............................................................................................................................14
2.1.6 Falsifieerbaarheid................................................................................................................14
2.1.7 De rol van assumpties..........................................................................................................15
2.2 School of thought.......................................................................................................................15
2.2.1 Neoklassieke economie.......................................................................................................15
2.2.2 Feministische economie......................................................................................................16
2.2.3 Marxistische economie........................................................................................................16
2.2.4 De Oostenrijkse school........................................................................................................16
2.3 Econoom als beleidsadviseur......................................................................................................16
2.3.1 Positieve en normatieve analyse.........................................................................................16
2.4 Waarom economen het oneens zijn...........................................................................................17
2.4.1 Verschillen in wetenschappelijke oordelen.........................................................................17
2.4.2 Verschillen in waarden.........................................................................................................17
2.4.3 Beslissingen maken in economie.........................................................................................17
3 H20: Het inkomen van een land meten.............................................................................................18
3.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................18
3.2 Marxistische economie...............................................................................................................19
3.3 Oostenrijkse school.....................................................................................................................20
3.4 Keynesianisme............................................................................................................................20
3.5 Monetarisme..............................................................................................................................21
3.6 De aard van macro economie.....................................................................................................21
1
, 3.7 Inkomen en uitgaven van een economie....................................................................................22
3.7.1 Circulaire flow van inkomen................................................................................................22
3.8 Meten van BBP...........................................................................................................................25
3.8.1 BBP is de marktwaarde........................................................................................................26
3.8.2 …van alle…...........................................................................................................................26
3.8.3 …finale…...............................................................................................................................26
3.8.4 …goederen en diensten…....................................................................................................27
3.8.5 …geproduceerd….................................................................................................................27
3.8.6 …binnenin een land…...........................................................................................................27
3.8.7 …in een gegeven tijdsperiode..............................................................................................27
3.9 Componenten van het BBP.........................................................................................................28
3.9.1 Consumptie..........................................................................................................................28
3.9.2 Investering...........................................................................................................................28
3.9.3 Overheidsuitgaven...............................................................................................................28
3.9.4 Netto export........................................................................................................................28
3.10 Reële vs nominale BBP..............................................................................................................29
3.10.1 Een numeriek voorbeeld....................................................................................................29
3.10.2 BBP deflator.......................................................................................................................31
3.11 Limitaties BBP als maatstaf voor de welvaart...........................................................................32
3.12 Internationale verschillen in BBP en kwaliteit van leven..........................................................33
3.13 Levenskost meten.....................................................................................................................33
3.14 Consumer price index (CPI).......................................................................................................34
3.14.1 Hoe wordt CPI berekend?..................................................................................................34
3.14.2 Problemen bij het berekenen van de levenskost...............................................................34
3.14.3 BBP deflator vs prijsindex..................................................................................................35
3.15 Corrigeren van economische variabelen voor de effecten op inflatie......................................36
3.15.1 Geldcijfers uit verschillende tijden.....................................................................................36
3.15.2 Indexatie............................................................................................................................36
3.15.3 Reële en nominale rentevoet............................................................................................37
3.16 Hoe bereken je het BBP?..........................................................................................................38
4 H21: productie en groei.....................................................................................................................40
4.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................40
4.2 Economische groei rond de wereld............................................................................................41
4.3 Groei theorie..............................................................................................................................42
4.4 Productiviteit..............................................................................................................................42
4.4.1 Waarom productiviteit zo belangrijk is................................................................................42
2
, 4.4.2 Hoe productiviteit bepaald wordt........................................................................................43
4.4.3 Menselijk kapitaal................................................................................................................43
4.4.4 Natuurlijke hulpbronnen.....................................................................................................43
4.4.5 Technologische kennis.........................................................................................................44
4.5 Oorzaken van groei.....................................................................................................................45
4.5.1 Veranderingen in de spaarrente..........................................................................................45
4.5.2 Een stijging in de populatie..................................................................................................45
4.5.3 Een stijging in technologie...................................................................................................47
4.6 Endogene groei theorie..............................................................................................................48
4.7 Economische groei en publiek beleid.........................................................................................49
4.7.1 Belang van sparen en investeren.........................................................................................49
4.7.2 Afnemende opbrengsten en het Catch-Up effect................................................................50
4.7.3 Investeringen uit het buitenland.........................................................................................50
4.7.4 Educatie...............................................................................................................................51
4.7.5 Gezondheid en voeding.......................................................................................................52
4.7.6 Eigendomsrechten, politieke stabiliteit en goed bestuur....................................................53
4.7.7 Vrijhandel............................................................................................................................54
4.7.8 Onderzoek en ontwikkeling.................................................................................................55
4.7.9 Populatiegroei......................................................................................................................55
5 H22: Werkloosheid en de arbeidsmarkt............................................................................................56
5.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................56
5.2 Identificeren van werkloosheid..................................................................................................56
5.2.1 Wat is werkloosheid?...........................................................................................................56
5.2.2 Hoe wordt werkloosheid gemeten?.....................................................................................57
5.3 Oorzaken van werkloosheid.......................................................................................................58
5.3.1 Frictie werkloosheid.............................................................................................................58
5.3.2 Structurele werkloosheid.....................................................................................................59
5.3.3 Arbeidsmarkt imperfecties..................................................................................................60
5.3.4 Demand-deficient werkloosheid..........................................................................................63
5.4 Natuurlijk werkloosheidspercentage..........................................................................................63
5.4.1 Hoelang zitten de werklozen zonder werk?.........................................................................64
5.4.2 Zoeken naar een job............................................................................................................64
5.4.3 Waarom sommige frictiewerkloosheid onvermijdbaar is....................................................64
5.4.4 Publiek beleid en zoeken naar een job................................................................................65
5.4.5 Werkloosheidverzekering....................................................................................................65
5.4.6 Kritiek op de natuurlijke tariefhypothese............................................................................66
3
, 5.5 Marx en het reserveleger van de werklozen...............................................................................67
5.6 Werkloosheidskost.....................................................................................................................68
5.6.1 Werkloosheidskost voor het individu..................................................................................68
5.6.2 Werkloosheidskost voor economie en maatschappij..........................................................69
6 H23: Sparen, investeren en het financiële systeem...........................................................................71
6.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................71
6.2 Financiële instituten in de economie..........................................................................................72
6.2.1 Financiële markten..............................................................................................................72
6.2.2 Financiële bemiddelaars......................................................................................................74
6.2.3 Andere financiële instrumenten..........................................................................................76
6.3 Huidige waarde: meten van de tijdwaarde van geld...................................................................78
6.3.1 Toepassing concept huidige waarde....................................................................................79
6.4 Risico managen...........................................................................................................................79
6.4.1 Risico-aversie.......................................................................................................................79
6.5 Activa waardering.......................................................................................................................85
6.5.1 Fundamentele analyse.........................................................................................................85
6.6 Sparen en investeringen in de nationale inkomensrekeningen..................................................85
6.6.1 Belangrijke identiteiten........................................................................................................86
6.6.2 Betekenis van sparen en investeren....................................................................................87
6.7 De markt van leenfondsen..........................................................................................................88
6.7.1 Vraag en aanbod voor leenbare fondsen.............................................................................88
6.7.2 Beleid 1: incentives sparen..................................................................................................89
6.7.3 Beleid 2: incentives investeren............................................................................................90
6.7.4 Beleid 3: overheidsbegrotingstekort en begrotingsoverschot.............................................90
6.7.5 Intemporele keuze...............................................................................................................91
7 H24: Het monetaire systeem.............................................................................................................91
7.1 Begrippen...................................................................................................................................91
7.2 De betekenis van geld.................................................................................................................93
7.2.1 De functies van geld.............................................................................................................93
7.2.2 Liquiditeit.............................................................................................................................94
7.2.3 Soorten geld.........................................................................................................................94
7.2.4 Geld in de economie............................................................................................................95
7.3 De rol van centrale banken.........................................................................................................95
7.3.1 De functies van centrale banken..........................................................................................95
7.4 De Europese Centrale Bank en het eurosysteem........................................................................97
7.5 Banken en de geldvoorraad........................................................................................................98
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