GGH2601 - The African Challenge: People And Environment (GGH2601)
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GGH2601 PORTFOLIO Passed & Qualified
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GGH2601 - The African Challenge: People And Environment (GGH2601)
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University Of South Africa (Unisa)
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GGH2601 - The African Challenge: People And Environment (GGH2601)
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PORTFOLIO - GGH2601 (S1)
STUDENT NUMBER: 60593695
UNIQUE NUMBER: 76985
ASSIGNMENT: 03
DUE DATE: 4 MAY 2018
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY
Student Name: MICHAELA MANICOM
Student Number: 60593695
1. I understand what plagiarism is and am aware of the University’s
policy in this regard.
2. I declare that this portfolio is my own original work. Where other
people’s work has been used (either from a printed source, Internet
or any other source), this has been properly acknowledged and
referenced.
3. I have not used work previously produced by another student or
any other person to hand in as my own.
4. I have not allowed, and will not allow, anyone to copy my work
with the intention of passing it off as his or her own work.
Signature: M.M.M
Date: 3 May 2018
, PART 1
Critically discuss what impacts colonialism has had on the development on the African
continent in terms of economy, human settlements and resources.
INTRODUCTION
The Europeans colonised and completely took over many African countries between 1870
and 1900 (Iweriebor, 2011). During the imperialist period, the driving forces behind the
take over included the need for economic, social and political power (Iwerieborr, 2011).
Although African natives had a system of their own already in place for development - they
were viewed as ‘primitive’ to those of European decent (sn 2015). The formed
governments during this period had a motive to exploit Africa’s abundant resources by
abusing the availability of land and cheap labour (sn 2015). Europeans disrupted their
entire way of life.
The African economy changed drastically. Before colonialism, Africa took part in
international and inter-continental trade - growing their economy at a sustainable rate. The
colonies used Africa’s incredibly fertile land to produce cash crops in the masses for
exportation to Europe - such as coffeee, cocoa, cotton and many more (sn 2015). The
African economy took a turn for the worst as the colonial parties increased economic
growth for Europe whilst resulting in a decline in the growth of the native’s economy.
Resources were being depleted, land became degraded and over population occurred at a
high rate compared to previous rates (sn 2015). The effects on the economy of African
nations were long lasting, years after the imperialist period.
Apart from changing the ways of the economy and political structures, the Europeans
viewed traditional religions and cultures as inferior to that of their own. Colonialism created
disparities among the existing cultures, some of the population converted to Christianity
assuming it was the morally correct way to live (sn 2015). This parting of previous
traditions created many internal problems and conflicts among the tribes, that still exist
today. Many African cultures are extinct while majority are not very prominent in the
originating areas as a result of the influence of Christianity.
Africa had always been rich in resources such as gold, diamonds, ivory and fertile land.
The colonies exploited their resources and exported them out of Africa for further use in
Europe therefore African nations were never fully capable to make use of their resources
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