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Essay BTEC Level 3 Psychology and Criminology Year 2 Pearson BTEC National Applied Psychology - P3 casual factors of mental disorder (ONLY INCLUDES P3) (Distinction)$16.64
Essay BTEC Level 3 Psychology and Criminology Year 2 Pearson BTEC National Applied Psychology - P3 casual factors of mental disorder (ONLY INCLUDES P3) (Distinction)
Essay BTEC Level 3 Psychology and Criminology Year 2 Pearson BTEC National Applied Psychology - P3 casual factors of mental disorder (ONLY INCLUDES P3) (Distinction)
Assignment Unit 6, Task 1 Psychopathology (P1,P2,M1,D1) (Distinction graded ) Pearson BTEC National Applied Psychology, ISBN: 9781912820047
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BTEC Level 3 Psychology and Criminology Year 2
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P3 - Discuss different causal factors that may lead to mental disorders in individuals
In order to be able to find suitable treatments for mental disorders, we must first understand the
reasons why mental disorders develop, not only would understanding help us have a clear idea
of suitable treatments but also allow us to be able to prevent the development of some
conditions by different forms of treatment. Professionals use a clear diagnostic system that
provides all the characteristics of each condition, allowing them to be able to dictate what
treatment will be required to treat it. As time has passed, the understanding of mental disorders
has grown significantly due to an advance in knowledge, therefore there have been several
factors identified as possible causal factors which is a factor that is known to lead to the
development of a mental disorder - there may be several causal factors for many different
mental disorders.
For instance, parental factors are a very well known causal factor, so when a baby is in their
mother’s womb they receive all their nutrients only from their mother therefore the mother must
ensure her diet is healthy in order for the baby to receive all their nutrients. Due to the blood
exchange between both mother and baby, it can result in the fetus being vulnerable and
exposed to any negative influences such as alcohol use, substance use, smoking, poor diet and
maternal stress can all negatively affect the baby - in more serious instances it can affect the
baby's overall development which includes their brain development which means the mother
must ensure her lifestyle and diet is conducive for pregnancy. In very extreme cases, if the
mother happens to possess any form of addictive behaviour, such as substance abuse or
alcohol abuse, it could affect the baby in a very harmful way as the baby may be born with the
same addiction itself. Due to this, once the baby is born it’ll have to be withdrawn from the
substance to help with the addiction, however, this can result in the baby having long term
health problems including mental and emotional problems in adulthood. An example of this is, if
a baby is born with alcohol addiction, there's a high chance it’ll obtain fetal alcohol syndrome
which will result in many negative effects on the baby such as learning difficulties, mood
disorder and motor/coordination problems throughout their entire life - this is why the mother
must ensure her lifestyle is healthy and if they do have these addictions that they seek for help
to ensure their unborn baby doesn’t get these issues as it’ll affect them throughout their entire
life.
However, some mental conditions you cannot prevent as it comes down to genetics due to
some being hereditary which are passed down by genes throughout generations, this means
that there will be a chance of the baby possessing the disorder that is in the genes. These
conditions can vary from autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder,
major depression and schizophrenia which are according to professionals to be the most
frequently inherited disorders than other conditions - this means that some disorders happen
due to genetics, however a mix of genetics and negative effects from the mother’s actions could
worsen the degree of the disorders. There is also a correlation between maternal depression
during pregnancy and the baby developing depression later on in life, this could also apply for
anxiety if the women possess prematernal anxiety, resulting in the baby possibly having
anxiety-related issues later in life. There are two sides, and they’re nature vs nurture - nature
argues that all behaviour including mental disorders is inherited so there’s no way to prevent it
, whereas Nurture states that behaviour is influenced by external factors which would be their
experience or learning on an individual or being exposed to certain factors.
Another well known causal factor is Biology and health factors, for instance, one's physical
health can heavily influence and contribute to psychological health concerns which is why it’s
important to look after both aspects. Everyone can obtain or possess a mental disorder,
however, some individuals are more susceptible and vulnerable to developing mental disorders,
either due to pre-existing conditions or because of genetics - for instance, individuals who
already have anxiety may be more vulnerable to developing other mood-related disorders such
as depression. Some mental disorders have treatments that can result in it being cured such as
anxiety or depression, typically by using a medication, however, some long-term medical
conditions or disorders have no cure but can be manageable varying on the severity of it which
means it may influence their lifestyle meaning they will have to make certain adaptations in their
life. An example of this would be diabetes and people who have this are at a higher risk of
obtaining other mental disorders such as depression or anxiety, in more severe cases dementia
for the older individuals - the risk of them getting other mental disorders is two to three times
more likely. Another example would be those individuals who possess COPD the prevalence of
a panic disorder is 10 times likely that of the general population according to Livermore et al
2010. When an individual has several mental conditions, such as the example I used earlier with
those having diabetes and depression is called Comborid which means when an individual has
more than one condition - due to this, it could result in the quality of their life and health could
deteriorate if the conditions are long term.
Everyone's mental and physical health are heavily married, meaning that mental health issues
could contribute to physical health problems and physical health problems contributing to mental
health problems, meaning you must ensure that both aspects are in good condition. An example
of mental health problems worsening physical issues is that stress can suppress the body's
immune system meaning it’s weakened therefore there’s less resistance to diseases and could
in some more severe instances increase the chance of coronary heart disease according to
(Stewart-Brown 1998). There are several other examples with physical illnesses that can
influence the mental aspect of us, for instance, the physical condition multiple sclerosis has
been statistically known to link with high levels of depression and higher rates of suicide, this
proves how they can influence each other - was said by (Sadovnick et al 1996). Some
individuals may also experience mental disorders such as PTSD if they’ve been involved in an
accident which caused their disability and due to the trauma of the accident they may develop
PTSD which is an anxiety disorder and it can consist of flashbacks, nightmares, stressors and
emotional numbing etc. If an individual suffers a physical disability such as a loss of limbs or
something that they have to live with every day, they may develop depression if they don’t come
to terms with what happened - this shows us how humans physical and mental state heavily
influence each other and if one’s not treated it may result in both being in a bad state. PTSD is
very common amongst those who are war veterans as they’ve witnessed or been involved in
traumatic incidents and due to this they also most likely develop depression and anxiety. It’s a
non-stop cycle as those who have got short term or long term physical illnesses that cause pain
can become addicted to their medication resulting in addiction which could spiral into more
severe problems. It’s also known that those with learning disabilities that influence their
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