This study guide contains in-depth yet, easily understandable notes on the topics: Topic 1, Topic 2, Topic 4, and Topic 6.
It also contains key term definitions for: Topic 1, Topic 2, Topic 3, Topic 4, Topic 5, Topic 6.
*BONUS:* contains past exams & answers for Topic 3, Topics 1 - 5 End o...
1.1 environmental value systems, 1.2 systems and models, 1.3 energy and equilibria, 1.4 sustainabili
May 13, 2021
170
2020/2021
Summary
Subjects
ib ess
ib ess study guide
ess
ess summary notes
examination prep
ib exam prep
ib ess exam prep
ess test prep
ess complete notes
in depth notes
study help
ess ib
sl ess
ib sl ess
ib
study guide
notes
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
Edition:
ISBN:
Edition:
More summaries for
Class Notes IB ESS Unit 7
Class Notes IB ESS Unit 4
Class notes IB ESS Unit 3
All for this textbook (15)
Written for
Secondary school
SL Environmental Systems & Societies
2
All documents for this subject (1)
Seller
Follow
amaliac
Content preview
1.1 - Environmental Value Systems
Environmental worldview or paradigm that shapes the way an individual or group
value system of people perceive and evaluate environmental issues. This will be
influenced by cultural, socio-political, religious, and economic
context.
Ecocentrism Nature centred. Nature/ecology is central, respects rights of nature.
Values the environment and believes that all living things have
intrinsic moral value.
Anthropocentrism believes humans must sustainably manage the global system.
People centred and humans can manage earth through taxes,
legislations and regulations.
Technocentrism Technology solves problems - believes technological developments
can provide solutions to environmental issues.
Deep Ecologist Extreme - Earth over humans; favors self-restraint and individual
action; deep mistrust of technology.
Soft Ecologist Is the belief that individuals have impact and influence. A soft
ecologist is someone who believes a small population or small
community can also have an effect on the environment.
Environmental Are responsible for overseeing and addressing ecological and
Manager environmental issues. Affecting the world. Environmental managers
try to find solutions to these issues and promote sustainable
development.
Cornucopian Extreme - people will find a way. World has infinite resources to
benefit humanity - with the development of technology, we will not
run out of resources for the population.
Tragedy of In a communism state where land is controlled by the government
Commons who then refuses or ignores the management of these properties
which leads to significant damage to the environment.
,System A process that involves an input and an output.
EVS influences to an individual can be considered as a system:
Codependency An extreme dependance to something. Typically when an organism
relies on a resource or another organism for survival.
1.2 - Systems and Values
Flows Inputs and outputs flow throughout the ecosystem as energy and
matter. Both energy and matter( inputs and outputs) are stored in
an ecosystem meaning they cant be destroyed or created but only
flow throughout the ecosystem and processed in a system
Feedback Loops Feedback loops are when outputs route back as an input and
create a chain. They can be positive or negative to the system.
Systems A system is an assemblage of parts with an input and output.
Transfers When a form or state does not change after a flow of energy or
matter. Movement from one place to another.
Input What is taken in and processed in a system
Output The result of something produced by the system
Transformations When the state of something is changed after a slow of energy or
matter. Its changed in form and nature
,Storages The natural existence and supply of energy and matter in an
ecosystem.
Open System exchanges matter and energy with its surroundings
Closed System Exchange energy but not matter.
Isolated System Energy or matter is not exchanged.
Abiotic Something non living in an environment. Eg. Rocks
Biotic Anything living in an environment, organisms
Matter Everything that takes up space with a mass.
1.3-Energy and Equilibrium
Entropy A disorder of a system. A system with more states has more
entropy. For example the sun has a higher entropy than the moon
because the sun's state constantly changes and has higher heat.
An imbalance in a system.
Thermodynamics The branch of physics that studies the conversion of different forms
of energy.
Trophic Levels The levels of a food chain in an ecosystem that consist of
organisms that share the same function in the food chain.
Equilibrium A balance in which opposing forces are in a stable situation-no
changes are occurring.
First law of Energy can be converted from one form to another with the
Thermodynamics interaction of heat, work and internal energy, but it cannot be
created nor destroyed, under any circumstances.
Second law of The entropy of a system increases over time. Entropy is a measure
, Thermodynamics of the amount of disorder in a system.
Efficiency the useful energy, the work or output produced by a process divided
by the amount of energy consumed being the input to the process:
efficiency = work or energy produced / energy consumed
efficiency = useful output / input
Multiply by 100% to express efficiency as a %.
Static Equilibrium An object in static equilibrium is one that has no increase in any
direction. Happens when there is no exchange between reactants
and products.
Steady State Is an unchanging condition, system or physical process that
Equilibrium remains even after transformation or change.
Stable Equilibrium The system tends to return to the same equilibrium after
disturbance.
Unstable The system returns to a new equilibrium after a disturbance.
Equilibrium
Negative Feedback Happens when the output of the process slows or reverses the
Loop operation of the same process in such a way as to reduce change.
Positive Feedback Tend to increase changes and drive the system towards a tipping
Loop point were a new equilibrium is adopted.
Albedo Albedo is a measure of how much light is reflected back from
something. It usually refers to Earth and the amount of sunlight that
is reflected back into space.
1.4-Sustainability
Sustainability Is the ability to be maintained at the same rate
Natural Capital The resources a nation has that can produce a sustainable natural
income.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller amaliac. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $59.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
