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Samenvatting Aankoop & Handel
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Samenvatting Aankoop en handelOverzicht cursus
Inhoudsopgave
......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1. L1 Aankoopmanagement ........................................................................................................... 3
a. Het aankoopproces: .......................................................................................................................... 3
b. Specificeren .......................................................................................................................................... 5
2. L2 types aankoop .......................................................................................................................... 9
a. Directe vs indirecte aankoop ......................................................................................................... 9
b. Investeringen ..................................................................................................................................... 10
c. Capex versus Opex uitgaven ................................................................................................. 12
d. Goederen & diensten ...................................................................................................................... 13
3. L3 AANKOOPCENTRALES ......................................................................................................... 15
a. Groepsaankopen ............................................................................................................................... 15
b. Types .................................................................................................................................................... 16
c. SWOT analyse ................................................................................................................................... 20
d. Lidmaaatschap .................................................................................................................................. 20
e. uitdagingen ......................................................................................................................................... 21
4. L4 Types goederen ..................................................................................................................... 22
a. Vacature aankoper........................................................................................................................... 23
b. 3 economische sectoren ................................................................................................................ 23
c. 4 verschillende soorten goederen .............................................................................................. 25
d. Schaalvoordelen ............................................................................................................................... 26
e. Prijselasticiteit ................................................................................................................................... 27
f. Factoren die een verschuiving in de vraagcurve veroorzaken.......................... 28
g. De macht van leveraciers en aankopers ................................................................................. 29
5. L5 Taken van de aankoper ...................................................................................................... 30
a. Vacature .............................................................................................................................................. 30
b. Het aankoopproces .......................................................................................................................... 30
c. Strategische aankoop ..................................................................................................................... 32
d. Tactische aankoop ........................................................................................................................... 33
e. Operationele aankoop .................................................................................................................... 35
6. L6 aankoop stap per stap ........................................................................................................ 36
1
, a. Voorbereiding .................................................................................................................................... 36
b. Stakeholders ...................................................................................................................................... 38
c. Speciferen ........................................................................................................................................... 39
d. Selecteren ........................................................................................................................................... 41
e. Contracteren ...................................................................................................................................... 43
f. Bestellingen ........................................................................................................................................ 50
g. Leveringen .......................................................................................................................................... 51
h. Bewaken .............................................................................................................................................. 54
i. Opvolging van de prestaties ........................................................................................................ 55
7. L7 strategische aankopen ...................................................................................................................... 56
a. Strategische aankopen ........................................................................................................................... 56
b. 7.2 Categoriemanagement .................................................................................................................... 58
8. L8 TOOLKITS .......................................................................................................................................... 59
a. Peter kraljic portfolio Martix ................................................................................................................... 59
b. Day one analysetool................................................................................................................................ 61
c. PEST analyse ........................................................................................................................................... 63
9. L9 MRP .................................................................................................................................................. 64
a. MRP-I Material requirements planning ................................................................................................ 64
b. MRP-II Manufacturing resources planning ........................................................................................... 68
10. L10 Contract Management ............................................................................................................... 70
a. Contract management ............................................................................................................................ 70
b. Wettelijke bepalingen ............................................................................................................................. 72
c. Algemene voorwaarden “Terms and conditions” ................................................................................... 73
11. SLA management .............................................................................................................................. 73
a. SLA management .................................................................................................................................... 73
12. L12 prijsbepalingsmethodieken ........................................................................................................ 74
a. Staffelprijzen ........................................................................................................................................... 75
b. Volumeprijzen ......................................................................................................................................... 75
c. Kwantumkorting ..................................................................................................................................... 76
d. Dynamische prijsopbouw ........................................................................................................................ 76
e. Kortingen ................................................................................................................................................ 77
f. Loss aversion (aversie tegen verlies) ...................................................................................................... 77
13. L13 Leveranciersmanagement ‘Supplier Relationship Management’ ................................................ 78
a. Relaties ................................................................................................................................................... 79
b. Segmentatie van leveranciers................................................................................................................ 80
2
,14. L14 Outsourcing................................................................................................................................ 83
a. Outsourcing in China .............................................................................................................................. 83
15. L15 internationale handel ................................................................................................................. 85
b. MARITIEM TRANSPORT ........................................................................................................................... 86
c. Spoor ....................................................................................................................................................... 87
d. Vrachtwagen ........................................................................................................................................... 88
e. Luchtvaart ............................................................................................................................................... 89
f. Kenmerken vervoersnormen ................................................................................................................... 90
16. L16 ISO9001 + Internationale handel ................................................................................................ 90
a. ISO9001 ................................................................................................................................................... 90
b. Kwaliteithandboek .................................................................................................................................. 91
1. L1 Aankoopmanagement
a. Het aankoopproces:
- Specificeren
- Wensen en behoeften
- Push and pull
- Scope van aankoop
- Aankoopspecificaties
- OEM vs. IAM
- Benchmarking
- Maken of kopen?
- Interne klant
- Decision Making Unit
Waarom bestaat Aankoop?
3
, "De echte reden waarom er wordt aangekocht is om een bedrijf in staat te
stellen de mogelijkheden van de toeleveringsmarkt om te zetten in waarde
voor de eindklanten."
- economisch probleem!
- aan alle menselijke verlangens en behoeften
voldoen
• Definitie Aankoopfunctie
• "De functie binnen een organisatie die erkend wordt als zijnde
formeel verantwoordelijk voor inkoop en sourcing op zowel
strategisch als operationeel niveau".
• De scope van de activiteiten:
- Commerciële strategie uitwerken
- Het beheer van het aankoopproces
- cont(r)acteren
- Onderhandelen
- Leveranciersbeheer
• Extra activiteiten:
- Inschatten en proactief denken
- Plannen
- Kwaliteit van de leverancier
4
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