Unit 51: Civil Engineering
Construction Assignment June 2
1
Stephen O’Brien
,Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................2
Task 1...........................................................................................................................2
What are Earthwork Activities?.................................................................................2
Stripping.................................................................................................................3
Compacting............................................................................................................3
Cut and Fill.............................................................................................................3
Trenching...............................................................................................................3
Filling......................................................................................................................3
Grading...................................................................................................................3
Preparing Subgrade...............................................................................................4
Plant for Earthworks..................................................................................................4
Health, Safety and Welfare Challenges Presented by Earthwork Activities.............5
Task 2...........................................................................................................................6
Controlling Groundwater...........................................................................................6
WellPoint System...................................................................................................7
Diaphragm Walls....................................................................................................8
Slurry Trench Cut-Off.............................................................................................8
Thinly-Grouted Membrane.....................................................................................9
Electro-Osmosis.....................................................................................................9
Task 3.........................................................................................................................10
What is the Water Table?........................................................................................10
Effects of a High Water Table..............................................................................11
Effects of Groundwater........................................................................................11
Effects of Pore Water Pressure PWP..................................................................12
Task 3 Conclusion................................................................................................12
Task 4.........................................................................................................................12
Evaluation of Methods.............................................................................................12
Challenges of Overburden Removal....................................................................13
Benefits of Ramping Back Over of Piling and Cut-off Walls................................13
Task 4 Conclusion................................................................................................15
Bibliography................................................................................................................15
, Introduction
The following document will discuss the commonly used methods to perform
earthwork activities. It will also discuss the different types of plant machinery needed
to perform these activities and explain the health and safety challenges for deep
trench excavations in various sub soils. It will define the water table and the methods
for controlling groundwater on site and the impact high ground water has. Finally it
will evaluate the various civil engineering methods used for deep excavations and
basements.
Task 1
What are Earthwork Activities?
Earthwork is arguably the most crucial part of any construction project. These series
of activities, performed by civil engineers, involve preparing a site for construction
activities to progress. Below is a list of list and brief overview of these activities
explaining what they are, what their purpose is and how they’re performed.
Construction Assignment June 2
1
Stephen O’Brien
,Contents
Introduction...................................................................................................................2
Task 1...........................................................................................................................2
What are Earthwork Activities?.................................................................................2
Stripping.................................................................................................................3
Compacting............................................................................................................3
Cut and Fill.............................................................................................................3
Trenching...............................................................................................................3
Filling......................................................................................................................3
Grading...................................................................................................................3
Preparing Subgrade...............................................................................................4
Plant for Earthworks..................................................................................................4
Health, Safety and Welfare Challenges Presented by Earthwork Activities.............5
Task 2...........................................................................................................................6
Controlling Groundwater...........................................................................................6
WellPoint System...................................................................................................7
Diaphragm Walls....................................................................................................8
Slurry Trench Cut-Off.............................................................................................8
Thinly-Grouted Membrane.....................................................................................9
Electro-Osmosis.....................................................................................................9
Task 3.........................................................................................................................10
What is the Water Table?........................................................................................10
Effects of a High Water Table..............................................................................11
Effects of Groundwater........................................................................................11
Effects of Pore Water Pressure PWP..................................................................12
Task 3 Conclusion................................................................................................12
Task 4.........................................................................................................................12
Evaluation of Methods.............................................................................................12
Challenges of Overburden Removal....................................................................13
Benefits of Ramping Back Over of Piling and Cut-off Walls................................13
Task 4 Conclusion................................................................................................15
Bibliography................................................................................................................15
, Introduction
The following document will discuss the commonly used methods to perform
earthwork activities. It will also discuss the different types of plant machinery needed
to perform these activities and explain the health and safety challenges for deep
trench excavations in various sub soils. It will define the water table and the methods
for controlling groundwater on site and the impact high ground water has. Finally it
will evaluate the various civil engineering methods used for deep excavations and
basements.
Task 1
What are Earthwork Activities?
Earthwork is arguably the most crucial part of any construction project. These series
of activities, performed by civil engineers, involve preparing a site for construction
activities to progress. Below is a list of list and brief overview of these activities
explaining what they are, what their purpose is and how they’re performed.
