Summary
samenvatting theorie DM
- Course
- Institution
samenvatting van de theorielessen: introduction tot en met ethics. alleen notities uit de les, geen boek
[Show more]
1 review
By: lucillevanvooren • 3 year ago
uncluttered, but H social network analysis is missing.
Seller
Follow
167
Reviews received
Content preview
INTRODUCTIONCONTEXT
Things are increasingly turning digital:
o Financial transactions
o Exercising -> fitness trackers & smartwatches
o Music, video,…
o Shopping
o News consumption
o Social networking
o Navigation
Two important observations in digital age:
1. Vast increase in digital data collection
o “Big data” is collected on what you do online
2. Vast increase in computing power
o ”Computers are everywhere” and becoming better
o ”Ubiquitous computing”, ”internet of things”
o Calculating, sensing, storing and transmitting of information
There has been a lot of data since 90s, but the computing power wasn’t capable of analyzing.
Presence of ubiquituous computing and big data
Think of the digital society as (fully) measurable and amenable context
Everything you do can be/is logged
Exciting? Or Scary?
Exciting:
1. For social researchers: new ways to study social phenoma
2. For data scientists: new opportunities for machine learning/artificial intelligence
development
3. For business: more information on customer behavior (amazon collects huge of
information about their customers)
4. For policy: more/better? information for policy development
Scary:
1. What about privacy?
, 2. Algorithmic development based on big data: what about potential bias? (making
wrong recommendations)
3. Experimental manipulation?
a. part of Chapter 6 of the book
4. Either way, social research is changing and new opportunities/challenges present
itself
DAWN OF COMPUTATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCE
Computational: we are going to use computational methods to answer research questions
Combination of social and data science
So…
The merger of two perspectives
1. Social science:
a. Departure from theoretical perspectives (TPB, Self determination theory…)
b. Collect data to answer research question
i. ‘custommade’ data -> collected in the right format to answer a specific
research question
ii. Small-scale data-collection (small number of respondents in survey,
interviews….)
iii. Established methods: surveys, interviews, content analysis
2. Data science:
a. Departure from available data -> “Ready made data”
i. Take existing data and extracting relevant information for the research
question
b. Repurposing data for research purposes
c. Computational methods: natural language processing, social network analysis,
predictive modeling, …
Computational social science (CSS) = convergence of two disciplines
Researchers active in CSS require integration of two disciplines in their daily work
, o Data scientists in CSS: strong skills in computational/digital methods, but need to
become more familiar with theoretical frameworks on human behavior
o Social scientists in CSS: familiarity with theoretical frameworks, but need additional
training in computational methods to handle large datasets
DIGITAL METHODS IN ACTION
Studying misinformation on Twitter
RQ: “Can misinformation campaigns alter public opinion and endanger the integrity of the
presidential election?”
Method:
o Collecting 171 million tweets about the two US presidential candidates (2016,
Clinton vs. Trump) from 11 million Twitter users (Twitter API), 5 months prior to the
election
Think about doing this manually?
However: size doesn’t always matter!
o Validity? Reliability? (not because you have more data that the result are more valid
and reliable)
, Result:
Each line is a tweet. Info about this tweet is collected. (person who send the tweet, his or her
location, the description about the user, since when he is joining, followers, friends, …)
What to do with this data?
Method:
o Extract URLs from the tweet linking to websites outside Twitter
o Classify website content into categories: misinformation sites vs fact-based news
outlets (right to left orientation)
– ‘Fake news & extreme bias’, ‘Right’, ‘Right leaning’, ‘center’, ‘left
leaning’, ‘left’
Perform analyses:
o Descriptive statistics
o Social network analysis
Results:
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller 167. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $8.04. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
52355 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now