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Samenvatting Economische actualiteit
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10 Hoofdstuk 0: Inleiding..............................................................................................................4
0.1 Het doel van de economische wetenschap.....................................................................4
0.1.1 Behoeften...................................................................................................................4
0.1.2 Schaarse middelen.....................................................................................................5
0.1.3 Nuttigheid en keuzeprobleem...................................................................................5
0.2 Welvaart en welzijn..........................................................................................................5
0.3 Soorten goederen............................................................................................................5
0.4 Consumptie en productie.................................................................................................6
0.5 De methoden binnen de economische wetenschap.......................................................6
0.6 De ceteris-paribus clausule..............................................................................................6
0.7 Micro-, meso-, macro- economie......................................................................................6
1 Hoofdstuk 1: Consumenten.....................................................................................................7
1.1 De keuze van de optimale goederencombinatie (zelfstudie)...........................................7
1.1.1 De preferenties..........................................................................................................7
1.1.2 Budget en prijzen.......................................................................................................7
1.2 De prijsvraagcurve.............................................................................................................7
1.2.1 De afleiding vd individuele vraagcurve......................................................................7
1.2.2 Beweging langs de V-curve........................................................................................8
1.2.3 Verschuiving van de V-curve:.....................................................................................9
1.2.4 Collectieve vraagcurve.............................................................................................10
1.3 Elasticiteit van de vraag..................................................................................................11
1.3.1 Prijselasticiteit van de vraag....................................................................................11
1.3.2 Kruiselingse prijselasticiteit vd vraag.......................................................................14
1.3.3 Inkomenselasticiteit vd vraag..................................................................................14
1.4 Consumentengedrag in België........................................................................................15
1.4.1 Het bestedingspatroon van Belgische particulieren................................................15
1.4.2 Het spaargedrag vd Belgische particulieren............................................................15
1.5 Meting vd prijzen, de consumptieprijsindex...................................................................16
1.5.1 Voorwaarden...........................................................................................................16
1.5.2 De consumptieprijsindex.........................................................................................16
2 Hoofdstuk 2: Producenten.....................................................................................................17
2.1 Bepaling vd optimale productiegrootte..........................................................................17
2.2 De wet van de toe- en afnemende meeropbrengst (titel kennen)................................17
2.3 Het kostenverloop...........................................................................................................18
2.3.1 Totale constante kosten (TCK).................................................................................18
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2.3.2 Totale variabele kosten (TVK)..................................................................................19
2.3.3 Totale kosten (TK)....................................................................................................19
2.3.4 Gemiddelde en marginale kosten (GK/MK).............................................................20
2.4 Het opbrengstenverloop bij volkomen concurrentie.....................................................21
2.5 De optimale productiegrootte bij volkomen concurrentie.............................................22
2.6 De afleiding vd aanbodcurve bij volkomen concurrentie...............................................23
2.6.1 De individuele aanbodcurve....................................................................................23
2.6.2 Beweging langs de individuele aanbodcurve...........................................................25
2.6.3 Verschuiving van de (collectieve) aanbodcurve......................................................25
2.6.4 De collectieve of marktaanbodcurve.......................................................................26
2.7 De break-evenanalyse.....................................................................................................26
2.8 De prijselasticiteit vh aanbod..........................................................................................26
3 Hoofdstuk 3: Prijsvorming......................................................................................................29
3.1 Markten en marktvormen...............................................................................................29
3.2 De volkomen concurrentie..............................................................................................29
3.2.1 Kenmerken...............................................................................................................29
3.2.2 Marktevenwicht bij volkomen concurrentie...........................................................30
3.2.3 Verschuiving curves.................................................................................................30
3.2.4 Ingrijpen van de overheid in de prijsvorming..........................................................31
3.3 Onvolkomen concurrentie..............................................................................................32
3.3.1 Monopolie................................................................................................................32
3.3.2 Oligopolie.................................................................................................................34
3.3.3 Monopolistisch concurrentie...................................................................................35
4 Hoofdstuk 4: Macro-economische grootheden.....................................................................36
4.1 De economische kringloop..............................................................................................36
4.2 Berekening vd economische activiteit............................................................................36
4.2.1 ‘Bruto’ en ‘Netto’ (fig 4.2 HB p.111)........................................................................37
4.2.2 ‘Tegen marktprijzen’ en ‘tegen factorprijzen’.........................................................38
4.2.3 ‘Nationaal’ en ‘binnenlands’....................................................................................38
4.3 Het reële en het nominale BBP.......................................................................................39
4.6 Macro-economische gegevens vd Belgische economie.................................................40
4.6.1 De oorsprong vh bbp volgens de activiteitsklasse = productiebenadering.............40
5 Hoofdstuk 5: Nationaal inkomen werkgelegenheid..............................................................41
5.1 De arbeidsmarkt..............................................................................................................41
5.1.1 Aanbod van arbeidskrachten...................................................................................41
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5.1.2 Vraag naar arbeidskrachten.....................................................................................42
5.1.3 Werkloosheid over de periode 2011-2017..............................................................43
5.1.4 De werkloosheid: soorten en oorzaken...................................................................43
5.1.5 De bestrijding van werkloosheid..............................................................................43
5.2 Concurrentievermogen, loonvermogen en innovatie....................................................43
6 Hoofdstuk 6: Geld, monetair beleid en inflatie.....................................................................44
6.1 Het geld...........................................................................................................................44
6.1.1 Belangrijkste functies van geld:...............................................................................44
6.1.2 Betalingsverkeer vandaag........................................................................................44
6.1.3 Geldsubstitutie-geldschepping................................................................................44
6.1.4 Vraag naar en aanbod van geld...............................................................................44
6.1.5 Het monetair evenwicht..........................................................................................45
6.2 (Niet kennen)..................................................................................................................45
6.3 Het inflatieverschijnsel....................................................................................................45
6.3.1 Begrip.......................................................................................................................45
6.3.2 Oorzaken van inflatie...............................................................................................45
6.3.3 Gevolgen van inflatie (Voor- en nadelen)................................................................45
6.3.4 Middelen om inflatie te bestrijden..........................................................................46
6.3.5 Deflatie.....................................................................................................................46
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Economische actualiteit
0 Hoofdstuk 0: Inleiding
0.1 Het doel van de economische wetenschap
Bij bijna alle menselijke handelingen komt een economisch aspect bij kijken nl. kiezen
Vb; je wil studeren maar, ...
Welke zijn de elementen die je keuze gaan bepalen?
0.1.1 Behoeften
- Aanvoelen van tekort dat je wenst te bevredigen
- Er zijn verschillende soorten behoeften
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