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AQA History- 1149 to 1174
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1149-1174Kings of Jerusalem
-1131= Baldwin III (and Melisande)
-1152= Baldwin III alone
-1163= Amalric
-1174= Amalric died
-1174= Nureddin died
CIVIL WAR
-1143 death of Fulk of Anjou
-succession crisis= Baldwin was 13
-period of joint rule (Melisende and Baldwin’s relationship deteriorated)
-Baldwin had persuaded the Second Crusade to attack Damascus
-failure at Damascus meant the kingdom remained divided
-1149= Melisende used her influence in the Church to maintain a competing administration
-1152= Baldwin was crowned sole ruler after a brief civil war
1149-BATTLE OF INAB
-1146= Zengi was killed and his eldest son took Mosul
-Nureddin took Aleppo then united Syria under his power (needed to establish power base)
-Nureddin moved his troops into area around Apamea
-besieged the fort of Inab
-warriors made a surprise attack on Raymond and Nureddin’s men emerged victorious
-they decapitated Raymond’s head and sent it to the Caliph of Baghdad
-enabled him to launch further attacks into crusader territory
-Nureddin took Harim
-victory meant Antioch posed a more limited threat to Aleppo
-Nureddin bathed in the Mediterrenean
1149-1154- WEAKNESSES IN CRUSADER STATES
-Baldwin III= most important reason for this
-1149= he was only 19 so ruled with Melisende
-1150-52= he tried to force his mother to abdicate
-Baldwin faced the additional challenge of Antioch
-Raymond’s death= succession crisis
-Constance refused to marry man of Baldwin’s choosing
-Baldwin III was forced to rule Antioch
-1152= Baldwin took over Tripoli
-the young King received no help from Europe (no response on request of a crusade)
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